2023年英语中考语法复习 非谓语动词课件

非谓语动词 非谓语动词在句中不能作谓语。非谓语动词是中考考点之一，主要考查动词不定式和动词-ing形式。 英语里的不定式分为带to的不定式(to do)和不带to的不定式(do或动词原形)。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式的肯定式: to+动词原形。有时可以省略 to。 动词不定式的否定形式: not + (to + )动词原形。 动词不定式 动词不定式的构成 1. 后跟动词不定式(短语)作宾语的动词有agree, afford, ask, choose, decide, expect, fail, fear, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, promise, refuse, want, wish等。 2. “疑问词+动词不定式”在句中可以作宾语。 3. 用于句型find / think it + adj. + to do sth.结构中，其中it为形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语。 e.g. I couldn’t afford to buy a digital camera then. I find it difficult to read English stories. 考点一：作宾语 考点二: 作主语 作主语的动词不定式(短语)如果很短，通常位于句首； 如果较长，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语——动词不定式(短语)放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。 e.g. It is important for you to learn English well. 1. 一些动词后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，这类动词有allow、advise、ask、call、encourage、expect、force、get、help、invite、need、order、remind、teach、tell、train、want、warn等。 注意：help跟的宾语补足语既可以是带to的动词不定式，也可以是不带to的动词不定式。 e.g. My mother encourages me to think it over carefully. Can you help the girl (to) move the chair? 考点三: 作宾语补足语 2. 使役动词(make, let等)及感官动词(see, feel, hear, watch, notice等)后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时需省略to，但在变为被动语态时要加上to。 e.g. I saw a young man enter the room. She was often heard to sing this song. 1. 动词不定式(短语)作定语时，常放在所修饰词之后。 e.g. I have some clothes to wash. 2. 不及物动词的不定式作定语，与被修饰的词有逻辑上的被动关系时，不定式后面的介词通常不能省略; 不定式修饰名词time/place/way时, 其后的介词则常省略。 e.g. He is looking for a room to live in. My grandma used to have no place to live. 3. 不定式修饰复合不定代词时放在后面，即something/ anything/nothing … + 不定式。 e.g. I had something cold to dink. 考点四: 作定语 动词不定式(短语)可在句中表示目的，作目的状语；还可表示原因，作原因状语。 e.g. To get a good seat she arrived at the hall early.  (表示目的) They were surprised to find that nobody was in the house.  (表示原因) 考点五: 作状语 考点七: 在某些固定词组或句型中用不带to的动词不定式(短语)。 如: had better do, used to do, would rather do than do, Why not do ...?, prefer to do rather than do等。 1. The painting is really valuable to him. He will never agree ________ it. A. sell B. sells