2023届高考英语基础语法三大从句讲义

课程主题：三大从句 学习目标 1. 掌握三大从句的基本用法。 2. 结合高考真题及模拟题分析三大从句的考点。 教学内容 【知识梳理】 考点一 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语(只引导限制性定语从句) which 物或人 主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 宾语、表语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语、主语补足语、宾语补足语 that, which, who, whom在限制性定语从句中作直接宾语时可省略。&1& 例1 The digital age enables us to find people who/that share our interests, such as collecting stamps and playing games. 例2 The little problems that/which we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 例3 The old man who/whom/that my grandpa is playing chess with is an old friend of his. 例4 At one time, a professional bookseller might have been defined as someone whose primary occupation was selling books. 1.that和which的用法区别 宜用that的 情况 当先行词为 everything, anything, nothing, something, much, all, none, few, little等不定代词时 当先行词为形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 当先行词被the only, the very, all, any, little (少) , few, no等词修饰时 当先行词既有人又有物时 宜用which的 情况 在非限制性定语从句中 关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，而介词又位于关系代词之前时 例5 My brother is so kind that he gave me the very computer that I am eager to buy. 例6 Today, with the help of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) , which is entirely built by Chinese engineers, we Chinese can easily find our way. 例7 All that happens during early years can influence children for the rest of their lives. 例8 The land is known for a historical site with beautifully colored walls, on which are painted the events of the past. 2.as和which的用法区别 位置 含义 which 引导非限制性定语从句时， 位于先行词之后， 其先行词是整个主句或主句中的一部分。 对先行词加以补充、解释 as 引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词是整个主 句,位置灵活,位于句首、句中或句末均可。 对主句的内容进行评述,表示 "按照，正如" 例9 The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 例10 This computer stores a large amount of information, which is of great use to your research. 二、关系副词引导的定语