2023年中考英语形容词&副词专项复习

一、形容词&副词定义和常用位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。 例：red apples; Chinese people; The dish tastes good. 而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。 例：speak fluently; answer correctly; very beautiful; 二、形容词和副词的特殊位置 （一）形容词的特殊位置 1. 形容词短语作定语，定语后置。 例：a language difficult to master; a leaning tower about 180 feet high 2. 表语形容词（afraid, alike, alone, asleep, awake, alive等）作定语，定语后置。如a man alive。 有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well, ill只作表语。sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill如作定语意为“坏的”相当于“bad”。 例：We shouldn’t buy the ill（坏的） bananas ,because eating them can make us feel ill（生病的）. 3. 形容词修饰由不定代词one, no, any, some和every构成的复合词如anything, something等时，通常后置。 例：I have something important to tell you. 4. else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。 例：What else do you want? I have something else want to tell you. （二）副词的位置 副词的分类： 1 时间副词 soon, now, early, finally, recently 5 频度副词 always, often, frequently, seldom, never 2 地点副词 here, , outside, upstairs, above 6 疑问副词 how, where, when, why 3 方式副词 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly 7 连接副词 how, when, where, why, whether 4 程度副词 almost, nearly, very, quite, rather 8 关系副词 when, where, why 1. 几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式→地点→时间。 例：We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday. 有些副词，常用于句首，如instead of, however, therefore, besides, luckily, sadly。 注：在此列举的副词，在首字母填空和词汇题中常常出现。 2. 频度副词如often, always, usually等在be动词、情态动词和助动词后，行为动词前。 例：She always finishes her work on time. She is always late for school. 三、形容词变副词的规律 形容词变副词通常是加-ly,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀： 一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。  具体规则如下： （一）一般情况下直接加“ly”; 例：quick-quickly; polite-politely; sad-sadly; immediate-immediately; recent-recently （二）中考中以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly的，只有一个true-truly。 绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly; 例：polite-politely; wide-widely; wise-wisely; nice-nicely （三）以“y”结尾的，且读音为 / i /,先将“y”改成“i”,再加“ly”; 例：happy-happily; heavy-heavily; angry-angrily; busy-busily 但是如果读音为 / ai /,直接加ly, 例：dry-dryly; shy---shyly （四）以辅音字母加le结尾时,去e加y; 例：simple-simply; comfortable-comfortably; terrible-terribly; gentle-gently; possible-possibly; probable-