专题二 名词-【精彩三年】2023中考英语语法专题教师用书配套word（浙江版）

专题二　名词 【在语境中体悟语法】 阅读下列文本，体会、领悟加黑名词的分类依据。 1．Have you ever been to Australia? This summer vacation I went to Sydney with some of my friends by plane. I was so excited that I couldn't sleep. It was a long flight, which took us 10 hours to get to our destination. 名词分类：Australia, Sydney/friend, plane, hour 分类依据：__专有名词和普通名词__ 2．It was freezing but sunny outside the airport. The cold air made me feel awake. I began to miss the warm sunshine back in China. Then we went to meet our host family that would take care of us. For the next few days,__they took me to quite a lot of famous places,__such as the Sydney Opera House, the Harbour Bridge and Bondi Beach. 名词分类：airport, day, place / air, sunshine 分类依据：__可数名词和不可数名词__ 3．I saw great views and took many beautiful photos. On our way home, we even saw some adorable koalas and deer in the bush. How cool! By the way, we got on well with the children of our host family and practiced English a lot. I went back to China two weeks later. It was such a wonderful journey! 名词分类：photos, koalas, weeks/deer，children 分类依据：__可数名词复数形式的规则变化和不规则变化__ 【在系统中梳理语法】 名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象及其他抽象概念名称的词。 一、名词的分类 二、名词的数 注意： 1．有些名词只有复数形式，如： clothes；shorts；scissors；glasses(眼镜)。 2．有些名词以s结尾，但不是复数形式，如： news；maths；physics。 3．有些名词兼有可数名词和不可数名词两种形式，但意义不同，如： room(空间)—a room(房间); work(工作)—works(作品)。 4．含有man, woman的合成名词在变复数时，需要将其组成部分都变为复数形式，如：women teachers女教师。而其他合成名词在变复数时，只需把合成名词中的中心词变为复数形式。如：banana tree→banana trees(香蕉树)；shoe factory→shoe factories(鞋厂)。 三、名词的格 四、易混名词辨析 1．clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数；cloth指布，为不可数名词；clothing表示服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of/an article of clothing。 2．amount, number amount修饰不可数名词，number修饰可数名词，两者均可指“数目；数量”。 3．road, street, path, way road指具体的公路、马路；street指街道；path指小路、小径；way指道路、途径。 4．course, subject course指课程(可包括多门科目)，如a summer course；subject指科目(具体的学科)。 5．custom, habit custom指传统风俗、习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do; habit多指生活习惯，习惯成自然，后常接of doing，如I've got into the habit of reading in the evening.。 6．cause, reason cause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后常接of sth./doin