内容正文:
专题十二 情态动词和虚拟语气
1.(2021·天津高考,14)It used to be that you ________ drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
答案:could 句意:以前你可能在这里开车走了几英里,都没见过别人,但现在到处都是房子和人。此处表示的是对过去客观可能性的推测。故填could。
2.(2020·天津高考,1)Jim says we ________ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.
答案:can 句意:吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里,只要我们保持它干净整洁。根据后面的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知,我们“可以”待在他的房子里。故填can。
3.(2020·江苏高考,28)If I hadn't been faced with so many barriers, I ________ (not be) where I am.
答案:wouldn't be 句意:如果我没有面对那么多的障碍,我现在就不会在这里。此处是错综时间虚拟语气,根据设空后where I am可知,此处是与现在事实相反的假设,故填wouldn't be。
4.(2019·江苏高考,31)What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ (have) a good time together.
答案:would have had 句意:真遗憾!你错过了观光,否则我们在一起会玩得很开心。根据What a pity! You missed ... 以及or (否则)可知,此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,句中的or代替if条件句表示含蓄的条件,故填would have had。
5.(2018·天津高考,10)I can't find my purse. I ________ (leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
答案:may/might have left 句意:我找不到我的钱包了。昨天我可能把它落在超市了,但我不确定。根据句中的时间状语“yesterday”可知,此处是对过去发生的事情的推测,需用“情态动词+have done”;再根据句中的“but I'm not sure”可知,此处应用may/might have done表示对过去发生的事情不太肯定的推测。故填may/might have left。
6.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ,短文改错)I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
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答案:去掉第一个to must是情态动词,后接动词原形,to多余,故去掉第一个to。
情态动词
一 情态动词的用法
用法
例句
can/could
can表示能力,could表示过去的能力
Could the girl read before she went to school?
表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)
He can't/couldn't have enough money for a new car.
表示允许
Can I have a look at your new pen?
表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中
①He can't/couldn't be over sixty.
②How can you be so careless?
③How can you ask us like this!
比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法
Can/Could you lend me a hand?
may/might
表示允许,might可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。回答以may引起的问句时,用Yes, please./Certainly./Please don't./You'd better not.等
May/Might I ask for a photo of your baby?
表示可能,might可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气更加