期中复习之宾语从句 2022-2023学年牛津上海版英语八年级下册英语

2022学年牛津上海版英语八年级第二学期期中复习之宾语从句 一、知识讲解: 置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句 常见考点 例句 宾语从句必须用陈述句语序: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(从句由“连接词+陈述句”构成 连接词: 陈述句:that 一般疑问句:whether/if 疑问代词:who, whose, what, which 疑问副词:when, where, how, why I hope (that) you will be more careful next time. Mary asks if/whether Peter will come to the party this weekend. I know who is crying over there. He wondered why you were late this morning. Do you know which subject Miss Smith teaches? Please tell where Jessica comes from. I don’t know how I can work out this problem. 时态的变化:当主句的谓语动词为过去时的时候,从句的时态要注意退格,规律如下: ①一般现在时→般过去时 ②现在进行时→过去进行时 ③一般将来时→过去将来时 ④现在完成时/一般过去时 →过去完成时(过去的过去) ⑤过去完成时(不变) He asked, “Are you busy these days?” →He asked if/whether I was busy these days. He told me he was answering a call at that moment. The officer said that the bridge would be finished building the next year. No one was sure where he had gone. 直接引语转间接引语时,人称的变化: 一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新 Peter said, “I am hungry.” →Peter said (that) he was hungry.(第一人称I随主语Peter变成he) My teacher told me, “You should work hard next time.” →My teacher told me (that) I should work hard next time.(第二人称you随宾语me变为I) Mary said, “ They are very boring.” →Mary said (that) they were very boring.(第三人称they不变化) 宾语从句转为简单句: 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句→特殊疑问词+to do Do you know when we will have an English exam? →Do you know when to have an English exam? 其他需注意: 1) 当从句表述客观真理或普遍规律则宾语从句要使用一般现在时。 Eg: My teacher told us that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃. 2) Could you/would you表委婉请求,不是一般过去时,从句时态不用退格。 Eg: Could you tell me how I can solve this problem? 3) 做宾语从句,语序不变的情况。 What’s wrong with... What’s the matter with... What is happening... What is taking place... Which is the way to... What is the most.../形容词最高级+名词... Eg: I wonder what’s wrong with you. 4) 只能用whether的情况: whether to do, whether or not, 介词后+whether, wonder/not sure/discuss +whether 5) 部分指示代词、时间/地点状语的变化 this-that, these-those, now-then, today-that day, yesterday- the day before, tomorrow-the next day, tonight-that night, this week