阅读理解之细节理解题 《决战中考 英语提优》2023年中考英语二轮复习题型专题练习（全国通用）

阅读理解之细节理解题 细节理解题在英语阅读理解中占了较大的比重，而且此类题型相对比较简单，只需要根据题干中的关键词，回到原文定位信息区间，稍加比对，就能得出正确答案。 目的在于测试学生对说明文章中心思想的支撑事实和细节的理解能力。 细节理解题常见的考查题型有：直接信息题、间接信息题、概括细节理解题和正误判断题。 (一)细节理解题常见设问方式 1．特殊疑问句形式。以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词引出的问题。 2．判断是非形式。含有TRUE/FALSE, NOT true或EXCEPT等的判断是非的问题。此时要注意题干中是否含有否定词，如not, never等。 3．以“According to ...”开头的提问形式。 4．填空形式。如The director of the film Leap comes from _________.. 4．填空形式。如The biggest challenge for most mothers is from ________. (二)细节理解题正确选项特征 同义替换 指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。如把lose one's job换成了be out of work。有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important变换成of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换。 信息归纳 用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。 正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。 原文原词 利用原文原词作为正确选项。 (三)细节理解题干扰选项特征 张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。 无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容。 曲解文意 与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。 颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。 正误参半 部分正确，部分错误。 例题： （一） I’m sure you all know how important recycling is. Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things. It sounds like magic. But it’s actually very scientific. Material The first thing you have to do is to collect items that can be recycled. Only certain materials can be recycled. These include things made out of paper, metal, glass and plastic. Daily things Can you think of everyday items made of these materials? Soda cans are good example. They are made out of metal. Magazines and newspaper are made out of paper. So are cereal boxes. Some bottles of juice are made out of glass. Bags and yogurt containers are made out of plastic. There are many things that can be recycled. Loop These things are usually stamped with the recycling loop. It has 3 arrows that go in a triangular( 三角形) circle. This shows that cycle(循环) continues. Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else. Process Let’s go back to the process of recycling. ①The items are put in a recycling bin.②A truck carries the items to a recycling plant.③ The materials are separated and squashed（被压扁成） into square cubes