2023年中考英语非谓语动词--过去分词和练习课件

中考英语非谓语动词 过去分词 一、过去分词的特点 规则动词的过去分词是由“动词原形+ed”构成的,其否定形式是在前面加not。 它保留了动词的很多特征,可以有自己的状语和逻辑主语,及物动词的过去分词还可以有自己的宾语,一般在句中可以作表语定语、状语、补语等。 He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大 二、过去分词的句法功能 1.作定语 (1)单个的过去分词作定语,常放在被修饰词的前面;分词短语作定语常放在被修饰词的后面。 He is a retired worker.他是一位退休工人。 Who were the guests invited to your party last night? 昨晚被邀请参加你晚会的那些客人是谁? (2)及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动、完成意义,不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成意义。 Look at the broken glasses.看看这些碎了的玻璃杯。 broken及物动词的过去分词作前置定语,表示被动和完成 There are fallen leaves on the ground in fall.秋天地上到处是落叶。 fallen不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语,只表示完成 2.作表语 作表语的大多是及物动词的过去分词,表示主语所处的状态或感受,很多已转化为形容词。 We were greatly surprised at the news. 我们听到这个消息后深感意外。 3.作宾语补足语 及物动词的过去分词作补足语,与宾语构成被动关系;有少数不及物动词的过去分词作补足语,表示动作已完成或宾语的状态。变为被动语态时,宾语补足语相应变为主语补足语。 You should make yourself understood. 你应当使你自己得到别人的理解 When she woke up, she found her mother gone. 她醒来时发现妈妈已经走了。 I will have my watch repaired. 我想把我的手表修一下。 归纳速记 “have+宾语+非谓语动词"的用法 口1.have sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作,且强调动作已经完成或者尚未发生。 The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father. 士兵们让这个男孩背对着他爸爸站着。 口2.have sb./sth.doing sth意为"让某人/物一直做某事”,现在分词往往表示这个动作具有持续、进行的含义。 The two men had their lights burning all night long.那两个人让灯通宵亮着。 口3.have sth.done意为"让别人做某事",相当于ask sb.else to do sth.。 The driver had his car washed once a week.那位司机每周叫人洗一次他的车。 4.作状语 过去分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等,相当于状语从句。 Frightened by the noise outside, the little girl dared not sleep in her bedroom. 由于受到外面噪音的惊吓,这个小女孩不敢在她的卧室里睡觉。(作原因状语) Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful. 从山上看,我们学校显得更美丽了。(作条件状语) 中考英语非谓语动词 练习 1. Our teacher often tells us _ in the river. It's dangerous. A. not swim B. not to swim C. to swim 2. Now the Chinese government has made laws _ wild animals. A. protect B. protects C. to protect B C make laws制定法律 3.—Safety comes first! Everyone should stop the kids from _ in the lake or river. —Life is valuable. Kids must remember _ the school rules. A. swimming; following B. swim; following C. swimming; to follow C Safety comes first!安全第一! 4. —Am