2023届高考英语语法之名词性从句运用讲义

I heard that be joined the army. 2、由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句 例如: 1) She did not know what had happened. 2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 3、 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句 例如: She told me that she would accept my invitation. 宾语从句用以区分主语从句的几个特征: 1、引导词:what\which\whose\when\whether\if\where 2、语序:宾语从句必须是用陈述语句。(名词性从句都是陈述语序) 如:I think that you must work harder. 宾语从句的引导词、连接词的区别、否定转移等现象。 英语名词性从句:表语从句,同位语从句 1.表语以及表语从句 先看下面两个句子: 第一个:It is a question。 第二个:The discussion is whether the book is worth reading。 这两个句子放在一起比较,我们发现,第一句话很简单,就是一个“主语+系动词+表语”的结构。而第二句话是be动词之后出现了一个句子:whether the book is worth reading,根据这个句子出现的位置,我们把它称为表语从句。基本构成是:引导词+陈述句。 能够引导表语从句的引导词主要有:that,以及whether、what、how 等疑问词。 2.同位语以及同位语从句 先看下面两个句子: 第一句:We found out them urderer, Tom。 第二句:We found out the fact that he was killed。 这组的第一句里,the murderer与Tom地位等同,同指一个人。去掉其中的任何一个,句子还会保持语法上的正确性,比如去掉the murderer或Tom,这句话都不会有语法错误,这就是同位语。同位语的部分变成一个句子的形式就生成了相应的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句出现在句子中名词性成分之后,这个名词一般是专有名词或比较抽象的概念,比如说:fact(事实)、idea(想法)、theory(理论)、assumption(假设)等等,后面常出现由that引导的同位语从句。常用来引导同位语从句的引导词主要包括:that、whether等。 名词性从句连接词的学习 连词代词what, who, which, whose等引导的主语从句。 这些连接代词作用相当于代词,在从句中担当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 What we need is more time. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. Whose book it is not important. Which school you want to go matters much. 连接副词when, where, why, how引导的主语从句。 这些连接副词相当于副词,在从句中充当状语。 Why he did this is not known. When he will come is still unknown. It is not known why he did this. How he succeeded is unknown to us. Where we should hold the meeting needs to be discussed. 注意 wh-引导的主语从句也常用it作形式主语。 也可用whatever,whoever,whomever,whenever,wherever等词引导主语从句,表示“无论什么”、“无论谁”、“无论何时”、“无论在(到)哪里”等。 Whoever told you to give up smoking was quite right. Whatever he gave you should be handed in. Whoever told you that was lying. Whoever comes is welcome. that与what引导名词性从句的区别 that引导名词性从句只起连接作用,在从句中不作任何成分,无意义,在宾语从句通常省略,但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略;what除引导从句外,还在从句中作成分,意为“所……的(东西)”,在含义上等于“名词+that”。如: 1. 用that的例子 That she lacks experience is