专题02.语法梳理+名校试题汇编-2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期中考点大串讲（外研版2019）

专题02.语法梳理+最新名校试题汇编 必修第2册 Unit 5 On the road Grammar——-ing形式作定语 ①They talked in a low voice in order not to wake up the sleeping girl. ②The student making the experiment in the lab is our monitor. ③She found herself in an embarrassing position. 【自主发现】 1.句①为单个-ing形式作定语，它与其所修饰的词之间具有逻辑上的主谓关系。 2.句②为-ing形式的短语作定语，放在被修饰词的后面。 3.句③为形容词化的-ing形式单独作定语，放在所修饰词的前面。 一、-ing形式作定语的用法 1.位置：单个的-ing形式作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之前，-ing形式短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之后。 2.形式：-ing形式作定语只有doing和being done两种形式，一般不用having done的形式。 3.意义：doing表示主动、动作正在进行或现在(当时)的一种状态；being done表示被动且动作正在进行。 We can see the flowers nodding gently in the wind.我们能看见花在风中轻轻摇曳。(表示主动且动作正在进行) A man respecting others will be respected.敬人者，人敬之。(表示主动和一种状态) The house being built here belongs to John.这里正在建的那所房子是约翰的。(表示被动且动作正在进行) 4.扩展成句：-ing形式作后置定语时，可扩展成定语从句。 The man talking with our headmaster is Tom’s father.＝The man who is talking with our headmaster is Tom’s father.正在和我们的校长谈话的那个人是汤姆的父亲。 　单句语法填空 ①When we got a call (say) she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke. ②And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears. ③A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those (want) a good night’s sleep. 二、-ing形式(短语)作定语与动词不定式(短语)作定语的区别 语法 形式 语态及时间意义 -ing 形式 (短语) 作定语 doing 表示主动且动作正在进行或现在(当时)的状态。 They lived in a room facing the sea. 他们住在一个面朝大海的房间里。 being done 表示被动且动作正在进行。 The meeting being held now is of great importance. 正在举行的这个会议非常重要。 不定式 (短语) 作定语 to do 表示主动且动作将要发生。 The man to help us is John. 将要来帮助我们的人是约翰。 to be done 表示被动且动作将要发生。 The medical team to be sent to the flood-stricken areas will set off tomorrow. 要派往洪灾地区的医疗队明天就将启程。 　单句语法填空 ①The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. ②I can’t go with you，for I have a lot of work (do). ③No one is allowed to speak aloud in the (read)room. ④She noticed the man (look) at her. 必修第2册 Unit 6 Earth first Grammar——-ing形