Unit4 Grammar and usage预习清单 2022-2023学年高一英语牛津译林版(2020) 必修第二册

1.can和could ①表示能力。can表示现在的能力，could表示过去具有某种能力。翻译为：________能 My brother can speak four foreign languages. Sophia could read when she was four years old. 注意：can表示“能够”时与be able to同义，但can只有过去式could，而be able to有各种时态。 ②表示许可。此时could不是can的过去式，could比can表示的说话语气更委婉，翻译为：________可以 You can have a piece of cake after you’ve eaten your vegetables! Could I have a drink of water, please? ③表示可能性。此时could不是can的过去式，它表示推测的可能性比can小。翻译________可能 Can he still be alive after all this time? If you’re not careful, you could get into even worse trouble. Exercises 1.Jack ___________ swim when he was born. 2.Jack couldn’t swim when he was born,but he _________ swim really fast now. 3.My aunt _____jump high. She was the best. 2.may和might可以 ①表示许可或征求对方许可。翻译为：________ You may / might use my bicycle so long as you return it before 12:00. I can’ t eat; may / might I have a little milk?可能 ②表示可能性。might比may语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。翻译为：________ He may / might get here in time, but I can’t be sure. Exercises 1).You _______ well be right. 2).The teacher says we ______ leave when we've finished. 3.will和would ①表示意愿。will表示现在的意愿将做的事，有时可用于条件句中。would表示过去的意愿将做的事。翻译为：________将会 I will help her if she asks us to. Ask, if you will, who the owner is. My friend asked if I would go with him. ②表示征求意见或提出请求。will与would均可用于主语是第二人称的疑问句中，表示征求意见或提出请求，此时would并不表示过去，而表示委婉语气。翻译为：________可以吗？ —I’m cold. Will / Would you shut the window, please? —Certainly. -Will you marry me? -Yes. 4.shall的用法 ①shall在疑问句中用于征求对方意见，主要用于第一、三人称，意为“要不要”。 Shall we go out and have a walk after dinner? Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow? ②shall还可用于主语是第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示决心、允诺、警告、命令、威胁、规定或义务等。 Tell her that she shall have the bike tomorrow. You shall be punished if you break the rule. Exercises 1)It is too late,_______we begin our meeting? 2)It’s sunny and hot today. They __________ put some sun cream on. 3)It’s a great film. You __________ go and see it. 5.should及ought to 的用法 ①should和ought to 都表示义务或责任、建议或劝告、推断等, 但 ought to语气更强烈。翻译为：_______