专题04 重点语法复习：主语从句（考点串讲+模拟演练）-2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考点大串讲（牛津译林版2020）

专题04 重点语法复习：主语从句 在复合句中作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有连词：that, whether, if；连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever；连接副词：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why。 1. 连词that, whether, if引导的主语从句 that在主语从句中不作成分，没有意思，不能省略；whether和if虽不作句子的成分，但有“是否”的意思，且if引导的主语从句不能位于句首。 That the earth turns around the sun is known to us all.地球绕着太阳转这一点是众所周知的。 Whether he will come or not is not yet known.他是否要来还不知道。（只能用whether） Whether we’ll go outing depends on the weather.我们是否去郊游视天气而定。（只能用whether） 2. 连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever引导的主语从句 what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever在主语从句中起代词的作用，可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语，有具体的意思且不能省略。 What surprised us was that he passed the driving test.使我们感到惊奇的是他通过了驾驶考试。 Whatever I have is yours. 我所拥有的一切都是你的。 Who will go is not important. 谁将去是不重要的。 Whoever is here gets a prize. 不管谁来，都能获奖。 Which team will win the match is still unknown. 哪个队将赢得比赛还不知道。 Whichever you choose is OK. 不论你选哪一个都行。 3. 连接副词when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why引导的主语从句 when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why在主语从句中起副词的作用，作状语，有具体的意思且不能省略。 When they will start hasn’t been decided yet. 他们将何时动身还没有决定。 Whenever you come is OK. 你无论何时来都行。 Where he has been is still a puzzle. 他曾去过什么地方仍是个迷。 Wherever she wants to go is not allowed. 无论她想要去哪儿都是不被允许的。 How he became a great scientist is known to all.他是怎样成为伟大科学家的这一点众所周知。 However late you come doesn’t matter. 无论你来的有多晚都没关系。 Why he did it wasn’t quite clear. 他为什么做那件事是不清楚的。 4. 用it作形式主语的主语从句 如果主语从句太长，为了避免句子结构头重脚轻，我们可以用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。常见的结构有： ①It+is+形容词+that…，常见的形容词有known, clear, necessary, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, certain, obvious, strange, natural等。 That the earth turns around the sun is known to us all. →It is known to us all that the earth turns around the sun.地球绕着太阳转这一点是众所周知的。 Whether he will come or not is not clear. →It is not clear whether /if he will come or not. 他是否要来还不清楚。 ②It+is+名词+that…，常见的名词有a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a