专题四 第二讲 第1课时 “三思”巧定谓语动词(课件PPT)-【新高考方案】2023高考英语二轮复习专题增分方略（新教材）

第二讲　“明线”考法——“有提示词”类题目增分指导 第1课时　“三思”巧定谓语动词 动词是历年高考的必考点，对动词的有关知识的掌握是考生在语法填空中得高分的关键。动词的变化形式比较多，有谓语形式的变化和非谓语形式的变化。谓语动词指的是在句子中可以单独作谓语的动词，主要包括实义动词和动词短语。一个简单句有且只能有一个谓语动词。若是由多个简单句组成的并列句或复合句，则有几个简单句就应有几个谓语动词。 一思“时态” 思维趋向1　时间状语 (带★号为常考时态) 时态 时间状语 一般现在时 now, today, nowadays, every year, usually等 ★一般过去时 yesterday, last week, in 2021, the other day, two years ago, previously等 一般将来时 next year, in the future, soon, tomorrow等 现在进行时 now, at present, at this moment等 ★现在完成时 since＋时间点，in/over the past ... years, in recent years, for＋时间段， so far等 过去完成时 by then, by the end of ..., when/before/after引导的从句等 续表 [典例]　(2022·全国甲卷) In the last five years, Cao ______ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain. 解题思路：根据句子结构可知，该题考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合时间状语“In the last five years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。此外，主语Cao与walk是主谓关系且是第三人称单数，故助动词用has。故填has walked。 思维趋向2　平行关系 考查动词时态的题目有时可以根据句子或谓语动词之间的平行关系词“and, but, or, rather than, neither ... nor ..., not only ... but also ...”等前后的谓语动词的时态必须一致来确定时态。 [典例]　(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ______ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 解题思路：根据句子结构可知，该题考查谓语动词的时态。再结合空后的平行关系词and可知，需要填的动词时态与started要保持一致，用一般过去时。故填threw。 思维趋向3　常用句式 (带★号为常考句式) (1)★was/were doing ... when ...＋一般过去时 (2)was/were about to do ... when ...＋一般过去时 (3)★it is the＋序数词＋time＋that ...＋现在完成时 (4)★it was the＋序数词＋time＋that ...＋过去完成时 (5)No sooner had＋主语＋done ... than＋一般过去时 (6)Hardly/Scarcely had＋主语＋done ... when＋一般过去时 (7)It will be＋时间段＋before＋一般现在时 [典例]　(2022·泰安一模) It's the first time that the crew ________ (exit) the station since their arrival on October 16. Shortly after stepping out of the space station's cabin on Sunday, Wang waved to audiences on Earth and said she felt great, in a video released by the flight control center. 解题思路：根据句子结构可知，该题考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合常考句式“it's the first time that ...”可知，that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时态。此外，从句中的主语crew是复数(根据句中their判断)，且与动词exit是主谓关系，故用现在完成时的主动