第十一周 识别语篇类型-【名师指津】2023高考英语一轮复习阅读完形天天练（新题型）

名师指津 第十一周 识别语篇类型 1 高考阅读理解题中有时会要求考生判断语篇类型。这类试题在全国卷中出现次数不多。可根据首句、文体特征和某些关键词来识别语篇所属类型。常见的提问方式： What is the text? （2022年全国乙卷；2020年新高考Ⅱ卷） What type of writing is this text? （2014年全国Ⅰ卷） 名师指津 解答该类题，主要从文章的体裁和题材内容入手，结合文章的内容、文体特征和关键词等作出精准的判断。 名师指津 ［典型例题］ (2020年新高考Ⅱ卷·31) In May 1987 the Golden Gate Bridge had a 50th birthday party. The bridge was closed to motor traffic so people could enjoy a walk across it. Organizers expected perhaps 50,000 people to show up. Instead, as many as 800,000 crowded the roads to the bridge… The story is one of scores in To Forgive Design: Understanding Failure, a book that is at once a love letter to engineering and a paean (赞歌) to its breakdowns. 名师指津 Its author, Dr. Henry Petroski, has long been writing about disasters. In this book, he includes the loss of the space shuttles (航天飞机) Challenger and Columbia, and the sinking of the Titanic. Though he acknowledges that engineering works can fail because the person who thought them up or engineered them simply got things wrong, in this book Dr. Petroski widens his view to consider the larger context in which such failures occur. 名师指津 名师指津 Sometimes devices fail because a good design is constructed with low quality materials incompetently applied… Readers will encounter not only stories they have heard before, but some new stories and a moving discussion of the responsibility of the engineer to the public and the ways young engineers can be helped to grasp them. “Success is success but that is all that it is,” Dr. Petroski writes. It is failure that brings improvement. A. A news report. B. A short story. C. A book review. D. A research article. ◇ What is the text? 名师指津 点拨：第一段讲了《原谅设计：理解设计的失败》这本书中的其中一个故事情节；第二段主要讲该书的作者及内容简介；第三段节选了书中作者的部分观点；第四段主要讲这本书给读者带来的体验。由此可见，这篇文章是一篇书评。故选C项。其余选项，“新闻报道”“短篇小说”“研究文章”易排除。 星期一 A. He has written dozens of plays. B. He has a deep love for the theater. C. He is a professional stage actor. D. He likes reading short plays to othe