内容正文:
专题一 阅读理解
第一讲 细节理解题
1.特殊疑问句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,how much/many等疑问词引出的问题。
2.判断是非形式。含有TRUE/FALSE,NOT true或EXCEPT等的判断是非的问题。此时要注意题干中是否含有否定词,如not,never等。
3.以“According to...”开头的提问形式。
4.填空形式。如The biggest challenge for most mothers is from ________。
正确选项特征
干扰选项特征
1.同义替换:对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。
2.语言简化:把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化。
3.正话反说:把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。
1.扩缩范围:与文章细节部分吻合,部分相悖。
2.无中生有:明显与文章内容不符或没有提及。
3.偷梁换柱:符合常识,但不是文章内容。
4.张冠李戴:是文章细节,但不符合题干要求或不是要点。
5.正误参半:部分正确,部分错误。
[对应学生用书P3]
一、定位比对判细节
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A)
Hotel_and_Hostel_Des_Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions.The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive and offering advice if you require some.However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for WiFi.
23.What's the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?
A.It gets noisy at night.
B.Its staff is too talkative.
C.It charges for WiFi.
D.It's inconveniently located.
[解析] C 细节理解题。题干定位:从题干Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes 可将考查内容定位到Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes广告下的信息中。从本段信息可知,该旅社离中心城市车站很近、靠近很多的景点、员工友好乐于助人、提供城市地图、尽可能提供建议。但每天需要支付无线网络费2欧元。很明显,支付无线网络费应该是该旅社的缺点。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B)
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer.In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova - not as a musician but as her page turner.“ I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
24.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner?
A.Read Music.
B.Play the piano.
C.Sing songs.
D.Fix the instruments.
[解析] A 细节理解题。题干定位:根据题干中的关键词 Titterton be able to do to be a page turner可以定位到文中的“I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance”可知,提特顿是钢琴家玛丽亚的乐谱翻页者,他学会识谱是为了可以在玛丽亚的表演中帮助她。故正确答案为A。
【归纳】
广告、演出信息、航班时间表等应用文的阅读,不必阅读全文,宜采用“题干定位”法。先看题目,从题干中提取关键信息,采用速读技巧快速定位,仔细比对选项与文中细节,确定答案。
二、词义互释定选项
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B)
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and