训练22（教参word）-（word书稿）2023大二轮【导学教程】旧教材老高考英语专题辅导与训练

训练(二十二)　 [对应学生用书P136] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A If you're trying to build something that won't sink, making it out of metal seems like a terrible idea.We make boats and ships out of metal because it's strong and lasts a long time, but it weighs a lot and, if something goes wrong, there's nothing stopping it from sinking to the bottom. Researchers from the University of Rochester have come up with a potential solution.It's a metal that absolutely hates water, strongly repelling (排斥) it and creating pockets of air that allow the metal to float under just about any circumstance.Its inventors believe it could revolutionize ship design and create truly unsinkable boats. The secret is a special pattern that is etched (蚀刻) into the surface and that traps air and prevents water from making contact, pushing it away.The team says this superhydrophobic (超疏水的) etching technique was inspired by the natural world.The bodies of fire ants a hydrophobic, and spiders that make underwater webs use their bodies to trap air and carry them beneath the surface. “The essential insight is that superhydrophobic surfaces can trap a large air volume, which points towards the possibility of using the surfaces to create buoyant devices，” the researchers explain in a new research paper. To demonstrate how the metal behaves, the researchers designed an experiment with two seemingly identical metal discs.One of the disks was normal metal, while the other was the same material with the special etching technique applied.As you know, the superhydrophobic metal disc refused to sink, even when pushed deep beneath the water. Perhaps even more important for real­world use cases, the metal keeps its water­repelling properties even when damaged, The researchers drilled several holes in the disc, revealing that it still floated on the surface even when its structural integrity was damaged.This proves that metal etched in such a way could be useful in the manufacturing of boats and ships, allowing them to remain afloat even