2023届高考英语语法：主谓一致与非谓语动词用法口诀讲义

⑥the+形容词主谓一致 The rich are not always happier than the poor. The rich表示一类人,应该用复数 ⑦、倒装句的主谓一致 改错题倒装句的主谓一致一般考两种情况: a.there be句型 there be+名词+名词,那么最近的名词决定其形式 b.between/,among放在句首+be+名词,名词其实是主语,所以be和 名词保持一致 There are no known society in which left-handed people predominate. 分析:there be句型由最近的名词决定其形式,society当然用单数,所以 there are改为there is Between the foothills of the Andes and the Pacific Ocean are a dry coastal strip averaging about 30 miles in width. 分析:倒装句,are改为is Among the favorite attractions at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington D.C.are the film presented on the five-story-tall screen. 分析:flm应改为flms,主语实际上是名词,应该与谓语动词保持一致。 ⑧、百分比结构的主谓一致 fifty percent of+名词 one percent of+名词 谓语动词的形式和百分比多少没有关系,主要取决于后面的名词,比如: one percent of my students+are fifty percentof my timeis spentonworking. 这里要强调两个结构 halfof=fiftypercent most of+可数名词+are mostof+不可数名词+is 例: Nearly half of the andent meteor craters has been found in cental and eastern Canada. 分析: has been应改为havebeen.介词of的宾语为复数名词短语,作 主语的中心词half当然表复数,相应的谓语动词应为复数形式. 例:Approximately fifty percentof the package utlized in the United States are for foods and beverages. 分析:package应改为packages.从谓语动词用复数形式判断出主语是复 数名词.注意food用复数表示不同种类的食品,beverage用复数表示不同种 类的饮料. 二.英语非谓语动词用法口诀 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词 (现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。 1通常只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(或动词短语): 建议抵制享受—(suggest,advise;resist;enjoy) 考虑承认冒险(consider;admit;risk) 避免推迟实践一(avoid;delay;practise) 期待成功完成一(look forward to;succeed in;finish) 2通常只能接不定式作宾语的动词: agree(同意);offer(提出);intend,plan(打算,计划);demand,ask(要 求);promise(答应;help(帮忙);prepare(准备);decide(快定);refuse(拒 绝);dare(敢于);choose(选择);wish,hope,want,expect(希望,想要: fail(不能忘记),pretend(假装);manage(设法):determine(决心) 同意提出做计划, 要求答应来帮忙。 准备决定遭拒绝 敢于选择有希望。 不能做到莫假装, 设法做成决心坚。 3.既能接不定式,又能接动词-g形式,但意思不同的动词或词组: 即“四记'”“力争”“不后悔”。四“记”指"记得、记住(remember)”; "忘记(forget)”“计划、打算(mean)”;"继续(goon”力争指“try”;"不” “后悔”指stop与regret。. make+宾语+非谓语动词: (1)make+宾语+动词原形 表示“使某人或某物做某事”,其中用作宾语补足语的不定式不能带t0, 即用动词原形。如: It's no use trying to make her hurry.想催她快点是没用的。 The mixture of d