2023届高考英语语法复习：过去分词做定语和表语课件

过去分词做定语和表语 非谓语动词，我们学过动词-ing形式 — 动词的-ed形式 ？ 1）语态不同 -ing表主动、进行；-ed表被动、完成 -ed 作定语与-ing 作定语的区别： an inspiring speech the inspired audience the falling leaves the fallen leaves 鼓舞人心的演说 受鼓舞的听众 落叶（正往下落的) 落叶（已落到地面的) the changing world the changed world （正在变化的） （变化了的） boiling water boiled water （正在沸腾的) （已经沸腾过的） fading flowers faded flowers (正在凋谢的) （已经凋谢的） a developing country a developed country (发展中的) （发达的） 过去分词做定语 过去分词做表语 过去分词做定语 前置定语 后置定语 1.过去分词做前置定语 单独一个过去分词做定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之前。 e.g a lost animal 一只迷路的动物 a used stamp an injured finger a broken coin a lighted candle 一枚用过的邮票 一个受伤的手指 一枚破损的硬币 一支点燃的蜡烛 fallen leaves the risen sun the advanced countries drunken man a retired teacher by-gone days 落叶 升起来的太阳 发达国家 一个醉鬼 一名退休教师 过去的岁月 ①过去分词修饰复合不定代词something,anything,nothing,nobody等或指示代词those等时 要放在这些词后面。 2.过去分词做后置定语 e.g. Is there anything unsolved? She is one of those killed. ②分词短语要放在被修饰的名词之后 e.g. The books written by Lu Xun are popular． 鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。 We’ll go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago． 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。 e.g.The problem discussed yesterday has something to do with us. 昨天讨论的问题和我们有关。 大部分被邀请去参加派对的学生是来自东厦中学。 Most of the students invited to the party were from Dongxia Middle school. 注意 过去分词做定语时， 可改为动词为被动形式的定语从句 Have you noticed the bridge built last year? = Have you noticed the bridge ________________________________? Which was built last year e.g. How I regretted the hours wasted in the net bar! How I regretted the hours __________________in the net bar. I like wearing clothes made of this kind of cloth． I like wearing clothes _____________________ this kind of cloth. which were wasted which was made of 过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。 Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train. 他们当中有一些人, 生长在农村，从未见过火车。 who were 注意 与感觉有关的及物动词， 现在分词表示“令人……的” 过去分词表示“感到……的” 令人恐怖的场景 受了惊吓的马 令人失望的孩子 感到失望的孩子 a fri