阅读专项训练（讲义）教科版（广州）英语六年级下册

课题 小升初英语阅读专项训练 教学重点 1能够根据文章的理解回答问题。 2能够根据问题对应原文细节加以分析。 ( 小升初英语阅读专项训练 ) 【知识点梳理】 阅读理解能力测试的主要要求 1.读材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节。 2.既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3.既理解字面的意思，也理解深层次的含义，包括作者的态度，意图等。 4.既理解某句，某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。 5.既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合学生应有的常识去理解。 【方法策略】 扫读：是一种快速阅读方法，主要在于对文章信息的精确定位，锁定重要信息，如找出人物、时间、地点、数字等。 略读：也是一种快速阅读，目的是读取文章的主旨大意。与扫读不同的是，略读是跳跃式的，略掉一些东西不读，取出短文中的关键性东西。 细读：细读是完全阅读，目的包括（1）确定中心思想及标题；（2）了解用以阐述中心思想的事实及细节；（3）对作者的暗示或隐含思想进行判断、推理、引申；（4）根据上下文推测词义。 扩大视距：要以意群为单位，注重对整句话的理解，整个段落的理解，扩大注视空间。 带问题阅读：先浏览短文后面的题目，做到心中有数，带着目的去阅读，以提高阅读实效。 【知识点1】阅读选择题 1、浏览选择题大意，并迅速分类（细节，大意，归纳等）。 2、把细节题带入文中找答案。 3、通读文章，归纳段落或全文主旨大意。 4、把握作者意图后，发挥主观能动性思考实质性涵义。 5、核对文章以及选项，确保无误。 【例题精讲】Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either. Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s bad for all the living things in the world. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, and they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air. We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution. Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution. ( )1. Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because ____. A. people didn’t have modern machines. B. there was no modern machines. C. both A and B. D. there were not many people. ( )2. What’s the biggest problem in today’s life? A. Water pollution. B. Air pollution. C.Noise. D. Pollution. ( )3. The most