内容正文:
Appositive clauses
同位语从句
Unit4 Grammar and usage
__________
Content
Definition .
Usage .
Distinction .
Practice .
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
.Definition定义
1.同位语
一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明,这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。
2.分类
名词(短语)
代词
从句
都可以充当同位语
本课重点:从句充当同位语
Ⅰ
Examples
1. Your brother, a nice teacher, is teaching geography.
2. My father will go and see it himself.
3. My friends all understand me.
4. I got a feeling that one day he will be famous.
5. We Chinese people are determined and hard-working.
名词短语
代词
代词
从句
名词短语
3.同位语从句
①定义
同位语从句指在复合句中充当同位语的从句,属于名词性从句的范畴。同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明,被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系(即被解释说明的词=同位语)。
e.g.The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.
巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖,让姐妹俩感到吃惊。
抽象名词
同位语从句
同位语从句即重复说明同一个称谓或事件的从句
. Usage用法
1.可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有:
news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,word, possibility,decision (一般的“抽象”名词都可用)。
e.g.He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.
你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。
Ⅱ
. Usage用法
2.先行词
定语从句的先行词是名词或代词;而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词,而且仅限于idea,plan,fact,theory,promise,hope,news,doubt,truth,information,suggestion,question, thought,belief,conclusion等少数名词。
①The boy who is playing football is my classmate.
②Those who work hard will succeed.
③The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.
④The fact that you are talking about is important.
Ⅱ
同位语从句
定语从句
定语从句
定语从句
3.引导词
引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that,whether,连接代词和连接副词等。
①连词 that ,whether
②连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which
③连接副词 when, where, how, why
①连词that和whether的用法
that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句。that不能省略,没有具体的意思,不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。
【注意1】在某些名词(demand,wish,suggestion,resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气
e.g.There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.
①连词that和whether的用法
whether引导
(注:if不能引导同位语从句)
e.g.The question whether we should call in a speci