专题1 第3节 词句猜测题 (教参）-【高考前沿】2023高考英语第二轮复习·超级考生备战高考（人教版 新教材 新高考）

第一部分·高考题型讲练 韦奇伍德陶器的创始人，他的祖父Erasmus Darwin是一 heads suitable for finding food among stones,while those 位著名的医生，思想家和哲学家，他和他的孙子一样，花 that lived on land had a sharper head,more fit for a her- 了很多时间研究生命的进化。]”可知，达尔文的家人社会 bivorous(食草的)animal..(达尔文观察到，加拉帕戈斯龟 地位都很高，祖父也是著名的思想家，故推知家人对达尔 因岛屿而异，他推断，这显示出不同的进化方式，因为这 文的影响很大。由此可知，提到达尔文的家庭背景是为 些动物显然源自同一起源。达尔文也被他发现的蜥蜴所 了表明家庭对达尔文的影响。故选D。 震撼，并观察到那些生活在水中的蜥蜴的头部适合在石 5.What did Darwin major in at Cambridge University? 头中寻找食物，而那些生活在陆地上的蜥蜴有更锋利的 A.Science. B.Natural history. 头部，更适合吃食草动物。)”可知，生活在水中的蜥蜴和 C.Theology. D.Medicine. 生活在陆地上的蜥蜴不同。故推知因为自然环境的不同 解析：A推理判断题。根据第二段“When he was eight- 导致生物因岛屿而异，故选B。 een,he left Edinburgh and went to Cambridge Universi- 7.What can be known about Darwin's theory of evolution? ty,planning to enter the church,but he was more inter- A.He published it once finished. ested in science than in religion and in the end he aban- B.He felt quite content with it. doned theology..(当他l8岁时，他离开爱丁堡，进入剑桥 C.It caused a worldwide disagreement. 大学，计划进入教会，但他对科学比对宗教更感兴趣，最 D.It was a great breakthrough in science. 终他放弃了神学。)”可知，达尔文放弃学神学，对科学更 解析：D推理判断题。根据最后一段“Darwin developed 感兴趣，故推知他在剑桥大学主修科学，故选A。 his theory of evolution,but it was not until 1859 that he 6.Why are the creatures different from island to island? actually published it.It was instantly seen as a great mile- A.The origin is various. stone in scientific thought,and attracted violent argu- B.The nature is different. ment all over Europe.Many found fault in it,and Darwin C.The population is diverse. spent the rest of his life improving his theory in the light D.The food supply is lacking. of other people's observations..(达尔文发展了他的进化 解析：B推理判断题。根据第四段“The Galapagos tor- 论，但直到1859年他才真正发表了它。它立即被视为科 toises,Darwin observed,differed from island to island, 学思想的一个伟大里程碑，并引起了整个欧洲的激烈争 and this,he inferred,showed different forms of evolu- 论。许多人发现其中有错误，达尔文花了余生的时间，根 tion,since the animals obviously came from the same ori- 据其他人的评论来改进他的理论。)”可知，达尔文的进化 gins.Darwin was also struck by the iguanas (he 论是