Unit 7-8 Grammar 被动语态 教案 2022-2023学年牛津译林英语八年级下册

( ) 教学案 课题 8B语法---各个时态的被动语态 教学重点 1. 各种时态的被动语态、 2. 被动语态的基本概念与使用。 3. 特殊情况下的被动语态 4. 主动表被动 教学目标 1. 促进学生掌握被动语态，灵活使用。 教学难点 1.被动语态的基本概念与使用。 2. 特殊情况下的被动语态主动表被动 基本概念： 语态表达的是 和 的关系。 英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是谓语的执行者使用 ；如果主语是谓语的承受者，使用 。 各个时态的被动结构 1. 一般现在时的构成方式： 其被动形式的构成方式：主语（主动语态中的宾语）+am/is/are +过去分词。 主语（非单三）+动词原形：I buy this book，I buy these books. 或者主语（单三）+动词的第三人称单数形式。 E. g. This book is bought by me. These books are bought by me. 2. 一般过去时的构成方式 其被动形式的构成方式：主语（主动语态中的宾语）+was/were +过去分词。 I bought this book，I bought these books E.g. This book was bought by me. These books were bought by me. 3. 一般将来时的构成方式：主语+will+动词原形： 其被动形式的构成方式：主语（主动语态中的宾语）+will be/ be going to be +过去分词。 I will buy this book，I will buy these books E.g. This book will be bought by me. These books will be bought by me. 4. 现在完成时的构成方式：主语+have/ has+动词过去分词： 其被动形式的构成方式：主语（主动语态中的宾语）+has/ have been +过去分词。 I have bought this book，I have bought these books E. g. This book has bought t by me. These books have bought by me. 5.情态动词can, may, must 的被动形式： 其被动语态的构成方式：“情态动词+be+过去分词” We can buy this book. -------- This book can be bought by us. We may buy this book. -------- This book may be bought by us. We must buy this book. ------- This book by us. 1、当句子的主语和谓语动词之间构成被动的意思，一般情况下要用被动语态。 2. 结构： be + done （动词过去分词） 不同时态的被动语态的结构： 一般现在时： am/ is /are +done 一般过去时： was / were +done 一般将来时： will be done / am/is/are going to be done 现在完成时： has / have been done. 3. 主动语态和被动语态的转换的步骤 主动语态变被动语态 主语变宾语加by；宾语变主语；对应时态的被动语态 He planted a lot of trees in the hills.---- A lot of trees were planted by him in the hills 被动语态变主动语态 主语变宾语；宾语变主语，去掉by；对应时态的主动语态 A lot of trees will be planted by them in the hills.---- They will plant a lot of trees in the hills. 4. 被动语态的注意点 (1) 在主动语态中，后面跟动词原形的结构，到了被动语态中要加to 常