第一部分 专题三 把握主线,精准提炼 抢分主旨大意题（专题微讲Word）-【赢在微点·考前顶层设计】2023老高考英语大二轮专题复习

专题三 把握主线,精准提炼　抢分主旨大意题 2022年高考全国甲卷和乙卷共有2道考查文章标题、1道考查段落大意题 主旨大意题考查归纳概括信息、把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力,在阅读理解中所占比重虽不大,但难度较大,是易失分题。考查形式有3种:段落大意题、全文主旨类和文章标题类 试真题·品考向 研析真题·悟解题之道 2022·全国乙卷·C　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会—现代技术 　　Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today􀆳s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. Drones are already being used to examine high⁃tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on⁃time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board. 　　That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews􀆳 efforts. 　　By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher⁃value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don􀆳t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co⁃pilot. With their ability to