新概念英语第二册非谓语动词课件

Grammar Infinitive 不定式没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 完成式 进行式 to do to be done to have done to have been done to be doing 否定式： not / never to do (1) 不定式的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作几乎同时发生或在其后发生。 (2) 不定式的进行式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 eg: I hope to meet you again. eg: She pretended to be reading when her mother came in. 一、不定式的时态： 二、不定式所充当的成分： 可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语，但不能单独作谓语。 1. 作主语： (1) 不定式直接作主语.书P83/1 eg: 学好英语并不容易。 To learn English well is not easy. (3) 不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。 eg: I’m glad to have seen your father. (2) 为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语放在句首，真正主语(不定式)放句末。 eg: To learn English well is not easy. = It is not easy to learn English well. eg: It is good for our health to do more exercise. = To do more exercise is good for our health. 注意区别： to do作主语表示： v-ing作主语表示： 某个特定的、具体的,将来的动作 抽象的、习惯性，经常性的动作 (3) 疑问词+to do作主语 eg: Where to go has not been decided yet. eg: How to use the computer is a question. eg: Walking after supper is helpful. eg: To walk in the street this evening will be nice. (2)不定式作宾语时，如果还带有宾语 补足语，往往用it作形式宾语, 而把不定式宾语(真正宾语)放在宾语补足语之后。 2. 作宾语： (1) 不定式直接作宾语(固定搭配) eg: begin to do, want to do, forget to do, like to do, decide to do, ask to do...... eg: It began to rain when I got home. 形宾 宾补 真宾 eg: I find it interesting to work with him. 这类v.有: think, feel, find, make, consider (4) 不定式作介词宾语: eg: I have no choice but to stay here. eg: He did nothing last night but repair his bike. (3) 疑问词+to do作宾语 eg: I don’t know how to get there. 前面有do,后面不要to 3. 作宾语补足语： (固定搭配) eg: He asked me to do the work with him. 宾语 宾补 (1) 动词不定式作宾补，实际上宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语。常见的能接动词不定式作宾补的v.有：want, ask, wish, tell, get, teach, encourage等。 注意： (2) 在“ 五让、三看、两听、一注意、一发现、一感觉”，即make, let, have, keep, leave, look at, see, watch, listen to, hear, notice, find, feel, observe动词后接不带to的不定式作宾补。 eg: His mother makes him sweep the floor every day. 宾语 不带to的不定式作宾补 注：这些v.用于被动语态时，不定式必须带to eg: He was made to sing an English song at the party. 4. 作表语: (放在系动词后面) eg: 她的工作是照顾孩子。 Her work is to look after the babies. eg: