Unit2 Section Ⅳ Writing（教师用书word）-2022-2023学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册【精讲精练】外研版

Section Ⅳ　Writing 概要写作 概要写作题型的特色是阅读与写作的融合，在阅读中思考，在思考中加工，在加工过程中得出结论，然后总结成观点。总结文章概要时，可按如下步骤。 第一步：仔细审题 速读文章，确定文章的体裁和题材、人称和时态以及写作要求等。 第二步：细读全文 阅读语篇时，根据文章不同的文体可采取以下方法。 记叙文 圈出记叙文的六要素(who, when, where, what, how, why)，如果是夹叙夹议文，还要写出故事给读者带来的启示或寓意 说明文 找出文章要说明的对象、观点或建议 议论文 提取议论文的三要素(论点、论据、结论) 第三步：初写成文 初写概要时，根据文章不同的文体可采取以下方法。 记叙文 先用一两句话串联人、时、地、事等要素，再用三到五个句子简要描述事情的经过和结果 说明文 找出要说明对象的现象、原因等或解决问题的措施、建议等 议论文 把议论文的三个要素(论点、论据、结论)进行合理地排序、整合和概括，使之语义上具有逻辑性和连贯性 第四步：润色升级 初写成文后，要对概要进行润色升级，使用高级词汇和高级句式代替平庸词汇和一般句式，使之锦上添花。 第五步：复查定稿 写好概要后，要从语法和语义角度进行通读。对语法错误和语义不连贯处进行修改润色。最后规范誊写在答题卷的指定位置。 1．常用衔接过渡词 ①表示罗列： firstly, secondly, thirdly, initially, furthermore, additionally, finally ②表示让步： although, after all, in spite of, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly ③表示转折： however, rather than, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately ④表示因果： due to, thanks to, because (of), as, since, as a result (of), thus, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently/as a consequence ⑤表示总结： in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short ⑥表示对比： by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, instead 2．常用开头语 ①The passage/author argues that... ②The passage/author highlights the importance of... ③The passage/author discusses the impact of... ④The passage/author compares...with... ⑤According to the passage, we can know... ⑥This passage/article is mainly about... ⑦In the passage, the writer/author mainly tells us... ⑧A new study found... ⑨The purpose of the report is to show... ⑩In this story, the author mainly tells us his experience of... [写作任务] 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas.I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City.While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款台), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas. I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of m