内容正文:
英语Miss Zhang@Sillytinging_
辅导讲义
学员姓名: 年 级:初 三 课 时 数:
授课主题
外研版初中英语被动语态
教学目标
掌握被动语态各时态结构和基本用法
教学重难点
被动语态的各时态运用
授课日期及时段
2023年 月 日
教学内容
被动语态
一、基本概念
语态是动词的一种形式,它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。被动语态是指主语是动作的承受者时动词的语态形式。英语的语态分类
主动语态
被动语态
主语在句子中是动作的 主语在句子中是动作的
执行者 承受者
如果主语是动作的执行者,要用主动语态;
——Many people speak English.
——He opened the door.
——We can repair this watch in two days.
如果主语是动作的承受者,则用被动语态。
—— English is spoken by many people.
——The door was opened.门被开了。
——This watch can be repaired by us in two days.
两种语态的相互转换:
Lots of people speak English in the world.
主(执行者) 谓 宾(承受者)
English is spoken by lots of people in the world.
二、被动语态的用法
不知道(动作的执行者是谁):Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
没必要(指出动作的执行者):Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。
需强调:Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
三、被动语态的构成
被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成,而时态通过be来体现。初中阶段只要求掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和含有情态动词的被动语态:
1、构成:be+动词过去分词
be + done
一般现在时:am/is/are
一般过去时:was/were
一般将来时:will/be going to + be
含有情态动词:can/must/may/need be to be
时态
主动语态
被动语态
例句
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
do/does
am/is/are+done
We clean the classroom.
The classroom is cleaned by us.
一般过去时
Did
was/were+done
He made the kite.
The kite was made by him.
一般将来时
will/shall+do
will/shall+be done
They will plant trees tomorrow.
Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.
含有情态动词
can/may/must+do
can/may/must+be done
I can find him.
He can be found by me.
四、被动语态的解题步骤 (“一判二定三选”)
1)第一步: 判断选项中正确的被动结构:be + done。
2)第二步: 根据时间状语断定时态。
3)第三步:选出正确答案。
【对点练习】Today, computers are really helpful. They ____ everywhere.
A. use B. are used C. used D. were used
【答案】B
主动语态变被动语态的方法:
1. My aunt invited