乌鲁木齐市第六十一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题

乌鲁木齐市第61中学 2022-2023学年 高二下学期开学考试 英语试题 （考试范围：选择性必修一） 总分120分 考试时间120分钟 一、阅读理解（共30分） Scandinavian architecture is a relatively new construct that drew public attention within the last century. It tends to include works associated with Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland and Iceland, and it is undoubtedly one of the more influential styles in modern times. The Scandinavian design style is both simple and comfortable, modern and historic. Home builders influenced by this style are expert at mixing traditional vernacular (民间风俗的) styles with modern technology to create a space that is beautiful and aims to make your life better. Before the early 20th century, much of Scandinavian architecture was vernacular in nature. Homes were built in a simple way using locally sourced materials and knowledge. However, it can be argued that this lack of formal architectural schooling promoted more craftsmanship and creativity as time went on. These vernacular builders were more concerned with function than form. An early example of this is the turf houses in Iceland, which were homes with green roofs that could keep the house in comfortable temperature throughout seasons in an affordable way. The modern-day version of Scandinavian architecture grew out of this grassroots approach to building. Public buildings originally mixed Neoclassical elements with traditional building styles based on local practices. In the 1930s, the concept of Functionalism was introduced in Scandinavia. With its inspiration, architects wanted the buildings to be simple, but they also wanted them to be beneficial to people in some thoughtful way. For instance, the Paimio Sanatorium that was built in 1933 focused on maximizing quality air and light for tuberculosis (结核病) patients. So while modern architecture is all about simple, clean lines, Scandinavian architecture is that and also a style of building that thinks about how public spaces and homes can be valuable to humankind. 1．What is a feature of Scandinavian