内容正文:
倒装
Dacy老师
完全倒装
完全倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。这种结构有四个条件;
(1) here, there, now, then, thus 等副词置于句首。
(2)谓语动词常用 be,come,go,lie,run 等表示来去或状态的动词。
(3)主语是名词不能是代词。
(4)谓语动词的时态是一般现在时或一般过去时。
例如:
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
轰炸机底下窜出一枚导弹。
部分倒装
部分倒装是将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词提至主语之前。这种结构有下列情况,
(1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not. never, seldom, little. hardly, in no way “not until..", “hardly/scarcely.. when", "no sooner... than” 等,
例如:
Hardy had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
她刚出门,就有个学生来访。
(2)so, neither, nor 位于句首时句子作部分倒装。
在以so,nor,neither 开头的倒装句中,so 用于肯定句,表示“也一样,也这样”;nor neither 用于否定句,表示“同样也不也不这样”。
例如:
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
汤姆会讲法语,杰克也会。
If you don't go, neither will I.
你不去,我也不去。
(3)only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且放在句首时。
例如:
Only in this way can you learn English well.
只有这样,你才能学好英语。
(4)其他部分倒装,
①“so... that”句型中的 so 位于句首时,霅倒装。
例如:
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
他很害怕,动也不敢动
②在虚拟语气条件句中,可将 if 省略,把 were,had,should 移到主语之前。
例如 :
Were I you, I would try it again.
我是你的话,就再试一次。
③as /though倒装用法:
1)作为“既然”讲,引导让步状语从句时,要用倒装句,把状语、表语或动词原形提前,通常 as 可以换成 though。
例如:
Much as he liked the story book, he donated it to the charity.
虽然他非常喜欢这本故事书,他还是把它捐给了慈善机构。
Try as he might, he can do nothing about the present situation.
尽管他会努力,但他对当前的局势也无能为力。
2)名词+as/though+主语+动词:此时的动词多为系统词,且句首名词不加冠词(即使有形容词)。
例如:
Queen as she was, she was unhappy.
她虽是女王,也并不幸福。
Great teacher though he is, he can't know everything.
尽管他是一名伟大的教师,也不可能什么都会。
3)形容词+as/thou+主语+动词:此时动词同样多为系动词。
例如:
Beautiful though the necklace was, we thought it was over-priced.
那条项链虽然很好看,但我们还是认为价格太高。
4)副词+as/though+主语+动词
例如:
Fast as you read, you can't finish this book in tow days.
尽管你读的很快,还是不可能两天读完这本书。
5)动词原形+as/though+主语+动词:主语后的动词通常为may, might等情态动词或助动词。
例如:
Dislike him as we may, we must acknowledge his greatness.
尽管我们不喜欢他,但也不能否认他的伟大。
6)分词+as/though+主语+动词
例如:
Raining hard as it is, I'm going out for a walk.
尽管下着大雨,我还是要出去走一走。
7)Not only… but also…, Hardly… when…, No sooner… than…, so… that…等句型,可能需要倒装。
例如:
Hardly had