内容正文:
主谓一致讲解
一、意义:句子中谓语和主语保持一致。如:
1. I have phoned my aunt three times today, but her line was always busy.
我给我婶婶今天打了三次电话,但是她的电话线总是忙。
(主语是I,谓语用have)
2. He works hard.
他工作努力。
(主语是he,谓语用第三人称单数。)
二、比较特殊的主谓一致结构:
1、There be 句型
There be + 主语+其他。
Be和主语保持一致。如:
There is a book on the desk.
(a book是单数,be用is)
主语就近原则。如:
There is a book and two pens on the desk.
(主语是a book and two pens,但是谓语要跟a book保持一致,所以用is。)
2、一段时间、一段距离或一定数量的钱作主语看做单数。如:
Two days is not long. 两天不长。
Two yuan is enough. 两元钱足够了。
Two meters is enough. 两米足够了。
3、the number of ……的数量,做主语看做单数。如:
The number of the people is large. 人的数目大。
4、a number of+n.复数,做主语,看作复数。如:
A number of people are cleaning the street. 许多人正在打扫大街。
5、动词不定式或动名词作主语。如:
To do homework for me is easy.对于我来说做作业是容易的。
Doing homework is easy.做作业是容易的。
6、集体名词作主语看做复数。如:
police 复数
people 复数
7、family, class, team, group等词的用法。
这些词在表示整体时看作单数,表示人时看作复数。如:
1)My family are watching TV. 我的家人正在看电视。
2)My family has a TV. 我家有一台电视。
8、不可数名词作主语看做单数。如:
The water is clean. 水是干净的。
9、主语中含with, without, except, as well as时要看它们前边的主语。如:
He with his mother is shopping. 他和他妈妈正在购物。(真正的主语是he。)
10、分数、百分比作主语,要看分数百分比后边的主语。如:
Two thirds of the students are boys. 2/3的学生是男孩。
Two thirds of the apple goes bad. 这个苹果的2/3坏了。
11、复合不定代词作主语看作单数。如:
Something is wrong with you. 你有病了。
12、能用就近原则的句型或短语:
There be
Neither… nor…
Either… or…
Not only… but also…
如:
1)Neither you nor I am a teacher.
你和我都不是一个老师。
2)Either you or I am going home.
或者是你或者是我将要回家。
13、经常以双的形式出现的词作主语:
shoes, gloves, pants, trousers, glasses等。以pair为例。如:
a pair of shoes单数
2 pairs of shoes复数
the shoes 复数
my shoes 复数
14、one of …作主语,看做单数。如:
One of my friends is calling me.
15、有些以s结尾的词并不是复数。如:news, physics, maths。
16、neither做主语,看做单数。如:
Neither of them is right.
他们两个都不是正确的。
2中考真题
1. Everyone except Tom and John ____ there when the meeting began.
A. are B. is
C. were D. was
2.How time flies! Ten years ____ passed.
A. have B. has
C. is D. are
3.The children without parents ____ good care of by their teachers in this special school.
A