名词性从句宾语从句（定义、分类、要点）讲义 2023届高考英语一轮复习

宾语从句全解 目录： 1.定义 2.分类 2.1动词的宾语从句2.2介词的宾语从句 2.3形容词的宾语从句 3.要点 3.1时态 3.2语序 3.3引导词 4.练习与答案 定义：在一个复合句中，如果一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，那么这个做宾语的句子叫作宾语从句。 e.g. We know him. (简单句) We know that he likes English. (复合句) 分类：1.动词的宾语从句 He told me that he could pass the exam. I wonder why she refused my invitation. 2.介词的宾语从句 We are talking about whether he is a good student. I’m interested in whether you’ve finished the work. It depends on whether we have enough time. 3.形容词的宾语从句 I am sorry that I have troubled you a lot. I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work. We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us. 常用于此类的形容词有 essential，important，natural，necessary，possible，strange，等。 要点： （一）时态 1. 当主句是一般现在时，从句可以根据实际需要用各种时态。 I know that he studies English every day. We all know that he has studied English since 1998. Can you tell me how he got to the railway station? 2.当主句是一般过去时，从句必须用过去的某个时态（一般过去 did、过去进行 was/were doing、过去完成 had done、过去将来would do）。 We believed that he had earned enough money to build a house. My father said that he had bought a new computer. Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday. He asked what time it was. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3.当从句的内容为客观真理、名言谚语时，不受主句时态限制，均用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east. Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun. Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. （二）语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述语序,即：连接词+主语+谓语 I don’t know what they are looking for. Could you tell me when the train will leave? Can you describe what kind of man he is? 思考：如何变陈述句语序？ （1）如果一个疑问句中含有be动词，情态动词等时，只需将be动词，情态动词等还原到主语之后。 Where are you from? I wonder where you are from. Can he play basketball? I wonder whether/if he can play basketball. （2）如果一个疑问句中含有助动词do的各种形式时，需将助动词do的各种形式删除，再将宾语从句动词变为对应的时态。 Where does he live? I wonder where he lives. （三）引导词： I. 由that引导的宾语从句： 要点：（一）that引导宾语从句：①不作成分，只起连接作用；②没有意义，通常可以省略。 （二）可以跟that 从句做宾语的动词有： say,