2023年中考英语语法专题-定语从句课件

定语从句 九年级语法专题 知识梳理 一 定语从句的概述 你可以把这两个句子合并成一句话吗? The boy is Migge. Migge is playing the guitar. 你可以说 The boy who is Migge is playing the guitar. 什么是定语? 定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语、或句子。汉语中常翻译成“……的” an ancient country the colour of wisdom the high-speed railway connecting A to B the person who has influenced me most 定语从句的概述 定语可以由形容词,代词,数词,名词,分词,不定式,介词短语等来担任,修饰名词。 The girl behind the tree is Kate.(介词短语作定语) The man driving too fast was drunk.(现在分词作定语) The boy named Tom is my classmate.(过去分词作定语) 定语从句的概述 什么是定语从句? The man is a worker. The man is speaking at the meeting. The man (who is speaking at the meeting)is a worker. 先行词 关系词 (定语从句) 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 定语从句的概述 定语从句的结构: 1. He never forgets the things that/which he needs to do. 2. You should pay no attention to those that/who laugh at you. 3. Do you know the teachers that/who are sitting in our classroom now? 【总结】 先行词(名词/代词)+关系代词(who/which/that/whom)+从句 定语从句的概述 关系词又分为关系代词和关系副词 关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词: when, where, why 关系词的作用:①作引导词 ②在定语从句中担任一定的成分; ③同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句(把主句和从句连起来) 定语从句的概述 1. which的用法:若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语。 This is the pen which was given by my friend. 先行词 指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语 This is the pen which my friend gave to me. 先行词 指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语 【注意】先行词在从句中充当宾语,而且前面没有介词修饰时,which可以省略;如果充当主语,which则不可以省略。 关系代词的用法 2. who的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom)。 The man who is wearing a white suit is my brother. 先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语 The man who/whom he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai. 先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语 She is the girl with whom I went there. 先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前 关系代词的用法 3. whom的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语),与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom。 This is the teacher whom\who we like best. 先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语 She is the girl whom\who I went with there. 先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾 I don' t like the boy to whom you are talking. 先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前 关系代词的用法 4. 关系代词that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。 The animal that\which is lost is a pand