内容正文:
动词及时态
Part1 教学目标
1.能掌握和理解中考常见的6种时态的结构
2.能掌握和理解常见的动词的类型
3.能完成课本上的相应练习
Part2 知识导图
Part3 知识解析
(1) 动词的分类
动词的分类
*及物动词
E.g. play;read; watch
*不及物动词
E.g. begin; talk; rise
系动词
E.g. be;look; sound; taste; smell; feel; become; turn; seem
助动词
E.g. do; does; did; have; has; had; will; would; should; be +(doing/done);has/have(+done)
情态动词
E.g. can; may;must;need; have/has to
E.g. They eat a lot of potatoes.
Twins usually look the same.
He doesn’t speak English.
You can keep the books for two weeks.
(2) 动词的时态
1.概念:时态是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。按时间划分, 时态可分为现在时、过去时和将来时三大部分。
1. 时态分类:
类别
谓语动词结构
现在时态
一般现在时
V原/V三
现在进行时
is/am/are v-ing
现在完成时
has/have pp
过去时态
一般过去时
V-ed
过去进行时
was/were v-ing
将来时态
一般将来时
will/shall/be going to V原
(3) 时态解析
1.一般现在时
1)概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2)基本结构:主系表:am/is/are
主谓宾:do/does
There be: there is /are
3)时间标志:
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.
4)动词的三单形式变化规则。
(1)一般情况加________. 例:looks, puts
(2)以s, x. ch, sh , 及o 结尾加__________. 例:does, goes, watches, washes, guesses, fixes.
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词先变____为_____再加_____.
例:fly----_______ study----________
(4)特殊:have---________
5)用法:
①表示经常或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 I am a teacher.
②表示客观的事实或真理。There are seven days in a week.
③在时间、条件、让步、比较状语从句主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形),从句中用一般现在时表将来。(主将从现)We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.
E.g. We visit uncle Liu once a week.
We don’t visit uncle Liu once a week.
Do you visit uncle Liu once a week?
2.一般过去时
1)概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2)基本结构:主系表:was/were
主谓宾:did
There be: there was /were
3)时间标志:
yesterday, the day before yesterday, the other day, in 1989, at the age of 5,long long ago, last week(year, night, month…), once upon a time, a moment ago=just now, ago,
4)动词过去式变化:
I). 规则变化:
①一般情况下,直接加 ______
②以不发音的e结尾_____
③辅音字母+y结尾:__________
④重读闭音节双写末尾字母加___________
II). 不规则变化参阅不规则动词表:
E.