2023届高三英语一轮复习：同位语从句课件

1. 从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内涵的名词,而定语从句的先行词可以是名词,代词,主句的一部分或是整个主句。 He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon. Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了。 Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了, 这让我们很高兴。 (定语从句) (同位语从句) 2.从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴,如: The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 (同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。 (定语从句, news在从句中作told的宾语) 3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别 有些引导词如how, whether, what 可以引导同位语从句, 但不能引导定语从句。 如: That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。 (同位语从句) 引导词that引导定语从句时, 在从句中一般作主语或宾语 (指物时还可以用which代替), 并且作宾语时常常省略,that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用, 不充当任何成分, 并且不能省略, 也不能用which来代替,如: The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。 (同位语从句, 是对order的具体解释, that虽不作成分, 但不能省略) The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。 (定语从句, 是名词order的修饰语, that在从句中作received的宾语, 可以省略) 回顾总结: 在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。 eg. Everybody knows the fact that the sun rises from the east. 1.同位语从句的连词 同 主语从句的连词 2. 同位语从句常放在抽象名词之后,说明该名词的具体内容。 fact , news, idea, hope , word, truth, promise, question ,order ,reply , belief, doubt, problem, suggestion. 3. 陈述语序 Translate into Chinese 1. I can’t answer the question where I’ll go after graduation. 2. The news that he has gone to a company for a better job is not true. 3. He has no idea when he will tell his mother the bad news. 4. There is no doubt that he knows everything about it. 5. The fact that the sea water cannot be used for drinking is known to all. 翻译下列句子 1 我们明天是否会去看电影的问题还没有决定。 2 昨天台湾发生了地震的消息是真的。 3 我们听说了他女儿离开家的消息。 4 外国客人将要参观我们学校的消息是真实的。 5 他表达了他想再次来中国的愿望。 1). The reason _ we didn't trust him is _ he has often