内容正文:
第二部分 语法专题精讲练
命题点5 主谓一致与There be句型
(10年4考)
云南英语
英语
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考点精讲
分析云南近10年中考真题可知,主谓一致在单项填空中考查,考查的
是主谓一致和语态的混合辨析;there be句型在单项填空中考查,考查的
是there be句型的构成、时态、答语和be动词的单复数。
针对以上讲述的主谓一致和There be句型类试题,考生要熟练掌握主
谓一致及There be句型的用法,同时还要掌握各种时态的用法(讲解见本
专题命题点2)和语态的用法(讲解见本专题命题点3)。
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考向1 主谓一致(2014.35)
1. 语法一致原则
语法一致表示谓语动词与主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
主语 谓语 例句
不可数名词 单数 Water is important to everyone.
可数名词单数及第三人称单
数 单数 The young man is from Paris.
复数名词、人称代词复数及
第二人称单数you 复数 The children were in the classroom
two hours ago.
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主语 谓语 例句
one of+可数名词复数/复数
代词 单数 One of the books is boring.
and或both…and… 连接的
名词 复数 Both Jenny and Kate are my
friends.
either, neither, each, every
或no +单数名词 单数 Each person has a new book.
复合不定代词 单数 Everybody has a chance to win.
续表
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主语 谓语 例句
主语后面跟有with, together
with, except, but, like, as
well as, rather than,
including等 取决于
主语的
数 The mother together with her three
sons was happy.
分数/百分数+of+名词 取决于
名词的
数 60%of the students in our class are
girls.
a lot of/lots of/plenty of/the
rest of+ 名词 A lot of people are in the
classroom.
续表
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主语 谓语 例句
动词不定式短语、动名词短
语或从句 单数 What he said is very meaningful.
a number of+可数名词复
数 复数 A number of books are given to
the poor students.
the number of+可数名词复
数 单数 The number of the apples is 12.
续表
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2. 意义一致原则
意义一致就是概念一致,即谓语动词的形式要和主语所表达的概念一致。
主语 谓语 例句
表示重量、度量、时间、
长度、价格等的词或短语 单数 Two meters is not as high as you
think.
the+姓氏名词复数,表示
“……一家人;……夫妇” 复数 The Smiths have decided to go
to Kunming for holiday.
the+形容词,表示一类人 复数 The young are energetic.
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注意
1. 某些集体名词,如family, class, team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看
待,谓语动词要用单数形式;如果侧重其中的成员,要用复数形式。如:
Every family in this village owns a television.
The whole family are looking forward to the holiday.
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2. 由(both…)and连接的两个名词指不同的人时,谓语动词用复数形式
(语法一致);由and 连接的两个名词指同一个人时,谓语动词用单数形
式(意义一致)。如:
The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news.
The writer and actor has come.
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3. 就近原则
就近原则指谓语动词的形式不与主语一致,而和靠近它的名词或代词
一致。
(1)由either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but(also)…, not…but…
或or连接