2023届上海市高考英语复习名词性从句的译法课件

名词性从句的译法 名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 主语从句的译法 “that + 从句的主语+从句的谓语+主句的谓语” 译法:可以将“that从句”单独译成一句,加逗号,再使用“这”字作主语的句子。 “that”在句中只起连接作用,可省去不翻。 例: That the living conditions are improving is evident. 生活条件在改善,这很明显。 That the pilot could have survived the crash seemed inconceivable. 驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后,竟然还能活着,这看来是不可想象的事。 “It is + 形容词+that 从句” 译法:先将“that从句”单独翻译出来,然后加上“(这是)很+形容词”的结构。 有时将形容词转译成副词短语,会使译文更符合汉语的表达习惯。 例: It’s probable that we will be a little late. A. 我们要迟到一会儿,这很可能。 B. 我们很可能要迟到一会儿。 It was really astonishing that she refused to talk to her parents. A. 她拒绝和父母谈话,这真令人吃惊。 B. 令人吃惊的是,她竟然拒绝和父母谈话。 It is strange that he should have failed to see his own shortcomings. A. 他竟然没有看出自己的缺点,这很奇怪。。 B. 真奇怪,他竟然没有看出自己的缺点。 It is +名词+that从句 翻译这类结构时,通常会涉及到“词类转换”和“语序调整”等翻译技巧。 常用于这种结构的名词词组有:a fact, a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s duty, an honor, a shame, no easy job, good news, a waste of time等 例: It is an accepte fact that the climate around the world is changing. 世界各地的气候都在变化,这是人所共知的事实。 相当于: That the climate around the world is changing is an accepted fact. It’s a pity that you missed such a fine talk. 真遗憾,这样好的报告你没听到。 It is a sheer waste of time that we read such kink of trash. 阅读这样的垃圾图书简直就是浪费时间。 It +被动语态+that从句 这类句型常译成主动句,并增加泛指的“大家”、“我们”、“人们”等作主语。 通常对这种结构的译法是保留原文句子结构的前后顺序,先译主句,再译从句。 例: It is generally regarded that stress should be put on the prevention of disease. 人们普遍认为,疾病应当以预防为主。 It is frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are “programmed” to do so.. 人们常说,电脑之所以能解决问题,只是因为它们给输入了解决问题的“程序”。 It +谓语+that从句 通常按原文句子结构顺序翻译,It 不译出来。 例: It seems that she is going to buy a car on installment. 她好像要用分期付款的方式购买汽车。 It goes without saying that plants cannot grow without sunlight. 不言而喻,没有阳光,植物就不能生长。 翻译由“what, whatever,who, whoever, whom, whose,which”等引导的主语从句 通常按原文句子结构的顺序翻译,主语从句在句中依然还作主语。 例: Whoever breaks the rule should be punished. 无论谁违反了这项规定都要受到惩罚。 Whatever you say will never change my mind. 无论你说什么都改变不了我的想法。 宾语从句的译法 在把宾语从句译成汉语时,通常按照句子的语序翻译即可。 有时也视具体情况对原文语序进行调整。 例: They propose