2023年中考英语复习定语从句和宾语从句-(从句辨析) 课件

关系副词 关系副词是用来引导定语从句的,它和关系代词一样,具有几种作用。 1. 在从句中代替先行词。 2. 在句中作状语。 3. 连接作用,把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的复合句。 关系副词有三种: where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点。 (on/in/at…which) when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。(on/ in…which) why: 在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。 (the reason why) 关系副词的用法: 1.where 的用法:(先行词应是地点名词) The hotel wasn’t clean. + We stayed =The hotel where we stayed wasn’t clean. =The hotel at which we stayed wasn’t clean. =The hotel which we stayed at wasn’t clean =The hotel 关系词略we stayed at wasn’t clean . at the hotel. 关系副词=介词+关系代词 2.when的用法: (先行词应是表示时间的名词) I’ll never forget the day. + I joined the League on that day. I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the League . I’ll never forget the day when I joined the League. 从句 3.why的用法: ( 表示原因的名词) The reason why I’m calling you is to invite you to a party. 1. 何为定语从句? 定语从句—Attributive Clause 定语可以由形容词,代词,数词,名词,介词短语等来担任。如果一个句子担任定语,这个句子就叫定语从句。 定语从句可以修饰名词或代词,还能修饰整个句子。 如1.The man who (that)came first is John. 修饰名词man 2. The handkerchief which (that)you gave me wasn’t clean. 修饰名词handkerchief 3..My father does morning exercise every day,which is good for his health. 修饰整个句子 2.定语从句的构成 定语从句所修饰的词叫作先行词,而引导定语从句的词叫关系词(关系代词和关系副词)。关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。 如:There was a young man (who liked paintings). 句中, who为关系代词,定语从句who liked paintings修饰先行词a young man 。 再如:This is the house (where I lived last year). 句中, where为关系副词,定语从句where I lived last year修饰先行词the house。 3.关系词以及注意点 关系代词有which,that,who(m),whose; 关系副词有when,where,why 注意:关系词既代替前面的先行词在从句中担任一定的成分,又把两个句子连接起来,构成一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。 例如:两个简单句 Thank you for the flowers.+You gave me the flowers. 主从复合句 Thank you for the flowers (which(that) you gave me). Thank you for the record which(that)you gave me the record.(F) Thank you for the record which(that)you gave it to me.(F) 说明:关系代词which /that代替前面的先行词the record,已经在从句中担任宾语,所以再在从句中加the record或it就重复了。 4.关 系 词 如 何 用? 关系代词 当关系代词在从句中作 主语时,指人用关系代词who,that;指物用which,that. 如:The man (who /that sat beside me )was excited. The car (which /that is over there ) is my favorite. 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时,指人用关系代词 whom/that/who( 非正式)