2023年中考英语语法—状语从句课件

状语从句 1、本讲内容:学习状语从句。 2、学习要求: (1)掌握状语从句的种类。 (2)学会引导状语从句的从属连词。 3、学习指导: (1)本讲重点:状语从句的种类。 (2)本讲难点:从属连词之间的区别。 4、典型例题解析: 状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词,按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。从句的位置放在句首,也可放在句末。放在句首时,从句后面常用一个逗号,放在句末时,从句前一般不用逗号。 1、时间状语从句: 引导时间状语从句的从属连词有:when, while, as, whenever, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, once…等引导。如: When he was still a young man, he was forced to leave his homeland for political reasons. It has been 15 years since he left. I’ll tell him the news as soon as I see him. Once you have got used to it, you will like it. I waited till he had finished his work. 注意: (1)when, as, while when即可引导持续性动作,又可引导短暂性动作。它可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。如: When I was a boy, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.(同时) When the lesson was over, we began our writing. (从句动作在前) as引导持续性动作,侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。 He hurried home, looking behind as he went. I saw your sister as she was getting on the bus yesterday. He sang as he walked. While:指的是“在某一时间里”,“在… 期间”,从句里的动作必须是 持续性的,它也强调主句和 从句动作的同时发生,往往 侧重主句和从句动作的对比。 如: While he was in London, he studied music. While we were watching TV, he was writing a composition. while也可做并列连词,表示对照的意思。如: He is tall while his brother is short. 当when, as, while表示“在…一段时间里”,主从句的动作同时发生时,可以换用。如: While (When或As) we were discussing, Mr. Smith came in. (2)如果when和before引导的从句位于主句之后,有时不能译成“当…时候” 和“在…之前”,而要译成“就”、“才”、“这时”等。如: The struggle lasted four years before the North won in the end. He almost knocked me down before he saw me. She had not been married many weeks when the man saw her and was struck by her beauty. I was walking in the street when I saw him. (3) by the time, each time, every time, immediately, the moment, the instant, the minute, soon after, shortly after都可以作为连词,引导时间状语。如: By the time he was fourteen, he had taught himself advanced mathematics. Each time he came, he would call on me. You must show him in immediately he comes. I recognized him the moment I saw him. (4) till和until ①如果主句谓语动词是持续动词,通常用肯定式的主句,表示“直到…为止”。如: I worke