2023年中考英语定语从句与状语从句课件

从句学习 定语从句与状语从句 定语从句 I don’t like lazy people. 我不喜欢不守信用的人 I don’t like people who never keep their word. 两个重要的概念 先行词 关系词 Attributive Clause(定语从句) 概念 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 He is an English teacher who likes singing songs. 定语从句 先行词 引导词 引导词 关系代词 :who﹑whom﹑that﹑which﹑whose 关系副词:where﹑when﹑why 关系词在定语从句充当的成分 1 关系词用作从句的主语 简单句变为定语从句 The woman is a famous dancer and she lives next door. The woman who lives next door is a famous dancer. 2 简单句合并为一个含有定语从句的句子 I like guys and they have a good sense of humor. I like guys who have a good sense of humor. 关系词用作从句中动词的宾语 i ’ really like to find a friend and I can trust him completely. I ’d really like to find a friend …I can trust completely. 更多例句 他是我见过的最好的法语老师 He is the best grammar teacher who I have ever seen. It’s hard to have a friend who you can trust completely. He is the student who the teacher likes to praise for his hard work. 关系词用作从句中介词的宾语 I’m talking about friend and you can share almost everything with them. I’m talking about friend who you can share almost everything with. Who 充当介词的宾语 我这里说的朋友,是指那些你几乎可以把一切与之分享的人。 注意:定语从句中的省略现象 作宾语的关系词可以省去 1 I’d really like to find a friend() I can trust completely. 2 I’m talking about friends() you can share almost everything with. 3 I hope I never have a boss() I can’t talk to about my problems. 注意:在从句中作主语的关系词无法省去。比如:不能说 I like guys () have a good sense of humor. 关系代词与先行词的搭配关系 关系代词: 关系副词: Whom, which, that, whose, when, where, why 1先行词指人, 用关系代词:who whom 2表示人或物的所有关系,用whose 3 先行词指物, 用关系代词 which 4 that 可以指代人,也可以指代物。 关系词 先行词所指 关系词在句中作用 关系 代词 that 人/物 主、宾、表 which 物 主、宾、 who 人 主、宾 whom 人 宾 whose 人/物 定 as 人/物/事情 主、宾、表 关系 副词 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why 原因 原因状语 关系词的作用: 1、连接作用 把主句和从句连接起来 2、替代作用 在从句中代替在它前面 的先行词 3、成分作用 在从句中充当一个成分 例 1. The man _ gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher. that/who 指人: that/who (主语) 例2: The boy_ the nurse is looking after is my friend. (who/whom/that) 指人: who/whom/that(宾语,可省略) 例3: The car_ is red was damaged yesterday. that/which 指物: that/which (主语