专题19 上海高考应用文阅读技巧点睛-【高频考点解密】2023年高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练（上海专用）

►专题19 上海高考应用文阅读技巧点睛 _________________________________________________________________________________________ 考点精 讲 【考情链接】 上海高考英语关于阅读理解要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。文章题材广泛，体裁多样，包括记叙文、新闻报道、应用文、说明文、议论文等。以下梳理应用文体裁主要阅读技巧。 【要点梳理】 · [方法1].先题后文法 应用文体文章比较长，此时我们不必记住所有信息，可以先阅读题目，带着问题阅读，多注意细节，如时间、地点、人物或数据等，简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。尤其是广告文章的阅读一般采取跳读、略读等快速阅读法，快速浏览信息，搜索对比。对文中信息的快速处理能力是考查阅读理解能力的重要方面。 【典例】（2023闵行区一模） ALCS NEWS Autumn 2021 Mavis Cheek (born 1948) is an English novelist, author of 15 novels. Mavis Cheek in conversation about her writing life Q: What initially inspired you to become a writer? A: Being unqualified to do any other job was a great help – or rather spur (激励). If I’d been able to be a secretary or a typist, for example, then economics might well have overtaken me in the years I spent improving my craft and trying to get published. Of course, the great inspiration was having my daughter and wanting to be at home with the baby while using my brain. …… 60. What encouraged Mavis Cheek to become a writer? A. The expectation of the worthy financial rewards. B. The desire to combine the role of a mother and a career. C. The established idea of gaining reputation of a famous writer. D. The wish of encouraging people through the power of literature. · [方法2]. 题干定位法 应用文阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在试题中，常常是就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用＂题干定位法＂，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比较。问题与材料相同→对号入座；问题与原文相同→同义替换、归纳事实等。 【典例】（2023普陀区一模） Top Headlines Layover or Nonstop? Unique Pattern of Connectivity Lets Highly Creative People’s Brains Take Road Less Traveled to Their Destination Mar. 28 2022 — A new study shows highly creative people’s brains appear to work differently than others, with an atypical approach that makes distant connections ... Researchers Develop Real-Time Lyric Generation Technology to Inspire Song Writing Aug. 10, 2021 — Music artists can find inspiration and new