专题02 基本句型之主谓宾结构-2023年高考英语书面表达基础写作
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基本句型之主谓宾结构
基
写
作
础
主谓宾结构
01
主谓宾结构
S + V + O
主语(subject)+谓语(verb)+宾语(object)
1)They won their next match.(名词作宾语)
他们赢了下一场比赛。
2) I met him outside the library.(代词作宾语)
我在图书馆外面遇见了他。
3)He had managed to climb through the portrait hole.(不定式作宾语)他设法爬过了肖像画上的洞口。
4)He started having nightmares. (动名词作宾语)
他开始做噩梦。
5) At last she found what she was looking for.(从句作宾语) 她终于找到了她要找的东西。
该句型中的谓语是及物动同,如respect,admire。ignore, provide, upset, appreciate 等。其后可直接跟名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或从句等作宾语。
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① We first picked the peaches that were most beautiful in color.我们首先挑选色泽最好的桃子。
② Having set a great example to us students, she deserves our respect.她给我们学生树立了一个很好的榜样,值得我们尊敬。
③ Through my introduction and efforts, I can strengthen the friendship between our two schools.通过我的介绍和努力,我可以加强我们两校之间的友谊。
④ I havethe following advantages.我有以下优点。
在写作中,同学们比较擅长使用主动语态。如果能灵活使用被动语态,会给句子添彩不少。
例如:
To broaden vocabulary, we should read more native materials.
→To broaden vocabulary, more native materials should be read (by us).
谓语动词也可以是及物的动词短语,如communicate with(交流),stand for(代表,象征),get on well with(与……相处融洽),look forward to(盼望),come across(偶然碰到)等等。
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①I am looking forward to enjoying your wonderful lecture.
我期待着欣赏你精彩的演讲。
②I can communicate with visitors without difficulty.
我可以毫无困难地与游客们沟通。
③ We have to get on well with people of different personalities,我们要和不同性格的人融洽相处。
④Sometimes difficulties stand for a special chance for us to make progress.有时候困难象征着一种能让我们进步的特殊机遇。
(1)在“动词+介词”的动词短语中,宾语只能接在介词之后;在“动词十副词”的动词短语中,作宾语的名词放于副词前后皆可;作宾语的代词只能放在副词之前。
Please wake her up at six thirty in the morning. (V)
Please wake up her at six thirty in the morning.(X)
(2)有些“主谓宾”结构的句子虽然短小,但表达的含义更精确,语言更地道。因此,写作中并不一定句子越长越好。
I could not say any word.
--Words failed me.(单词虽然少,表达更地道)
1. 每天早晨小贩都在我们小区附近卖油条。
把时间地点这些修饰成分去掉,句子的主干是:小贩卖油条。
The vendors sell fried bread sticks.
把时间和地点状语加上,
Every morning the vendors sell fried bread sticks at my neighborhood.
2. 有一天,他在树林附近的草地上放羊。
去掉修饰成分,主干是:他放羊。而且根据"有一天",句子该是过去时。
He grazed his sheep.
注意,sheep 这