2023届高考英语语法讲义：定语从句考点汇总

2023届高考英语语法讲义:定语从句考点汇总 定语从句三部曲 1. 找出先行词; 2. 确定先行词在从句中的成分:主语,宾语, 状语; 3. 选择正确的关系词。 几个关系代词的基本用法 that that: 可指人或物;可作主语,宾语。指人时,相当于who或 whom;指物时,相当于which A letter is written in pencil is difficult to read. Do you know the gentleman who spoke just now? What is the question _they are talking about? Here is the man _you want to see. 只能用that 不能用which的情况 1.先行词为不定代词时:all, much, everything, anything, nothing, something, none, the one. 2.先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等修饰时; the only book, just the book/ the very book 3.先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时; 4.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时; 5.先行词既有人又有物时; 6.先行词是数次时;(two, ten, a hundred) 7.如果有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that,以避免重复; 8.疑问词是who或which,关系代词宜用that,以避免重复; 9.主句是There be 结构,修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词; 10.被修饰成分为表语时,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。 (主语+be+n. /adj.; 主语+系动词+adj.) which which: 指物;可作主语,宾语,状语。 1. The book—_was on the desk was bought by my father. 2. The book —_I bought yesterday is very interesting. 3. The factory — his father works is far from here. 只能用which不能用that 的情况: 1. 介词后面只能用which; Is this the room in which Mr. White lives? 2. 非限定性定语从句中。 More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country. 3.当关系代词后面带有插入语时; Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English. 4. 先行词是those+复数名词. A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. who, whom, whose who: 主格, 在从句中作主语,只可指人;whom: 宾格,在从句中作宾语,只可指人; whose: 属格,在从句中作定语,可指人也可指物。 (whose = of which或of whom) I like the students who work hard. All who heard the story were amazed. Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor. A child whose parents(=the parents of whom/of whom the parents) are dead is called an orphan. I'd like a room whose window faces south. The book whose cover (=the cover of which/of which the cover) is red is there. 只能用who 不能用that 的情况 1. 先行词为anyone, anybody, those, all, one, ones, they, he, people时; Anyone who failed to come to the meeting yesterday must give h