传统文化高分语料 讲义 2023届高考英语应用文专题复习

2023届高考英语应用文预测讲义：传统文化高分语料 Ancient Science and Technology 1、Four Great Inventions Compass 指南针 ·shows geographic directions  显示地理方向 · use the earth's magnetic field  利用地球磁场 • enables international trade and exploration · denotes eight main directions  表示八个主要方向 · helpful for the explorations of Zheng He, Christopher Columbus（哥伦布), Compass Vehicle 指南车 · equipped with gear wheels and a wooden figure 配备齿轮和木制人物 • always points south • an earlier and more primitive form of compass 一种更早、更原始的指南针形式 Gunpowder 火药 · invented by alchemists seeking the elixir ofimmortality 由寻求长生不老药的 炼金术士发明 · military applications began in the Tang dynasty  军事应用始于唐代 · introduced to the Arab world (阿拉伯)and Europe in the Yuan dynasty· broughta series of revolutions to weapon manufacturing 给武器制造带来了一系列革命 Papermaking 造纸术 • invented by Cai Lun using cheap materials such as bark, hemp, rags, and other materials 蔡伦用树皮、麻头、抹布等廉价材料发明的 · introduced to the world, contributing the dissemination of knowledge 介绍给世界，为传播知识做出贡献 Printing 印刷术 ·known as "mother of civilization"被誉为“文明之母” · includes block printing and movable type printing（雕版印刷、活字印刷)· block printing is time-consuming and the blocks become useless after the printing " movable type printing is more convenient with the pieces being durable and reusable（耐用且可重复使用) 2、 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) 中医 · has a long history and still popular today • different from Western medicine in its means of diagnosis and treatment, and its composition of drugs and prescriptions  与西医不同的是诊断和治疗手段,以及药物和处方的组成 • a holistic approach is taken for diagnosis, diet, age, habits, emotions, lifestyle and living environments are all taken into consideration 采用整体方法进行诊断，饮食，年龄，习惯，情绪，生活方式和生活环境都被考虑在内 • based on the premise that the cause of sickness is an imbalance and blockageof the flow of qi基于疾病原因是气流动不平衡和阻塞的前提 · emphasizes on preventing illness• the four methods of diagnosis include observation, auscultation and olfaction,interrogation, and palpation and pulse feeling（望、闻、问、切) Medical