2023届高考英语语法知识整理复习讲义（虚拟语气+倒装句）

表达和建议、要求、命令、主张等含义相关的名词性从句,一律用主语+should+动词原形(should可以省略)结构。具体涉及到这些动词以及它们的名词形式: 一坚持(主张):insist 二命令:order,command 三要求:require,request,demand 四建议:suggest,advise,propose,recommend 例如: It was suggested that he(should)join in the club activities.(主语从句) I suggested that he(should)join in the club activities.(宾语从句) My suggestion was that he(should)join in the club activities.(表语从句) I had an suggestion that he(should)join in the club activities.(同位语从句) 这四句话表达同一个意思:我建议他加入这个俱乐部的活动。 2、表示重要性、必要性、吃惊等时,一律用it is+形容词+that+主语+should+动词原形(should可以省略)结构。 例如: It's important that you (should) study English hard.努力学习英语是很重要的。 It's necessary that you (should) praise your students as much as possible.尽可能多的表扬你的学生是有必要的。 It is strange that she (should) not have been invited.很奇怪她竟然没有被邀请。 3.①wish 后面所跟的宾语从句,其谓语动词用虚拟语气(意为“要是/但愿…就好了”),其形式主要有三种: 表示对现在情况的虚拟:wish +一般过去时的宾语从句 表示对过去情况的虚拟:wish + 过去完成时的宾语从句 表示对将来情况的虚拟:wish + would/could+动词原形 I wish it were spring all year round.我希望一年四季都是春天。 I wish it would be fine tomorrow.我希望明天天气好。 She wished she had stayed at home then.她希望她当时待在家里。 if only 后接从句也用虚拟语气,其形式与wish的用法一致。 ②would rather 后面所跟的宾语从句,其谓语动词用虚拟语气(意为“宁愿......”),其形式主要有两种: 表示对现在/将来情况的虚拟:一般过去时的宾语从句 表示对过去情况的虚拟:过去完成时的宾语从句 三、其它从句中的虚拟语气 1、虚拟语气用在状语从句中 ①由as if 或 as though 所引导的方式状浯从句,若从句与事实相反,则要用虚拟语气。其形式如下 主句+as if/ though +主语+一般过去时(从句的动作与现在事实相反) 主句+as if/ though +主语+would/could+动词原形(从句的动作与将来事实相反) 主句+as if/ though +主语+过去完成时(从句的动作与过去事实相反) He talks as if he knew all about it.他说起来好像知道这件事的全部一样。 She speaks English well as if she had studied in America.她说英语很好,好像过去在美国待过一样。 He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad.他学英语如此努力,好像他要出国一样。 ②由 even if 或 even though 所引导的让步状语从句,若从句与事实相反,则从句和主句都要用虚拟语气。其形式如下: 主句+even if/ though +主语+一般过去时(从句的动作与现在事实相反) 主句+even if/ though +主语+would/could+动词原形(从句的动作与将来事实相反) 主句+even if/ though +主语+过去完成时(从句的动作与过去事实相反) Even if you weren't her son, she would treat you like this.即使你不是她的儿子,她也会这样对待你的。 I would have married her even if she had been penniless.即使她身无分文,我也会和她结婚。 2、虚拟语气用在定语从句中 在it is (high