2023年英语中考语法专题复习讲义十一 形容词和副词
语法专题十一 形容词和副词(Adjectives &Adverbs)
基本知识:形容词主要是用来描述和修饰名词、代词等的一类词,在句中常置于被修饰词的前面作定语,连系动词后面作表语和宾语后作补足语等。
知识点1 形容词的基本用法
位置 | 例子 | 说明 |
形容词+名词 be+形容词 宾语+形容词 | It's a windy day today. He is happy today. He keeps his bedroom clean. | 放在名词之前作定语 放在be,含look,sound,feel,smell等之后作表语 放在宾语之后作宾语补足语 |
基本知识:副词修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子,在句中主要作状语。
位置 | 例子 | 说明 |
行为动词+副词 副词+形容词 副词+副词 位置比较灵活 | It's raining heavily outside. He is quite tall in his class. He runs very fast. Unluckily,he failed in this exam again. | 修饰行为动词,放在行为动词之后 修饰形容词,放在形容词之前 修饰副词,放在副词之前 修饰整个句子,位置比较灵活 |
知识点2 副词的基本用法
注:enough放在被修饰词后面。如:He is old enough to go to school.
( )1.—Ma Yun as well as Ren Zhengfei tons of attention wherever they go.
—Yeah, they are very successful. Struggle creates history and hard work makes a future.
A.gets; brightly B.get; bright C.gets; bright D.get; brightly
( )2.It was for us to solve the math problem. Few of us could even understand it.
A.easy enough B.enough easy C.difficult enough D.enough difficult
形容词变副词的规则
规则 | 例子 |
在形容词词尾直接加-ly | slow→slowly, quick→quickly, clear→clearly |
以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词,变y为i,再加-ly | busy→busily, angry→angrily, easy→easily |
以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly | terrible→terribly, true→truly |
注:1.名词加ly构成形容词。如:friend→friendly,love→lovely
2.有少数形容词与副词同形。如early,fast,hard,high,long
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副词的分类:
1.时间副词。常见的有now,then,early,today,next,already,ever,soon,immediately,finally,yesterday等。
2.频度副词。常见的有always,usually,often,seldom,sometimes,never等。
3.地点副词。常见的有here,there,everywhere,anywhere,down,back,home,upstairs等。
4.方式副词。常见的有carefully,properly,suddenly,fast,well,proudly,softly,warmly等。
5.程度副词。常见的有much,little,very,rather,so,too,still,quite,enough,almost等。
6.疑问副词。常见的有how,when,where,why等。
7.连接副词。(见复合句中的宾语从句用法)。
知识点3 形容词、副词原级的用法
结构 | 例子 | 说明 |
A + as +原级+ as + B | Bill runs as fast as Jack. | 表示前后二者情况一样 |
A + not as/so +原级+ as + B | Tom isn't as strong as Jack. | 表示前者不如后者 |
( )1.Roy thinks he works as as his friend, Dan.
A.hardly B.harder C.hard D.more hardly
( )2.Don’t just believe the advertisement. That kind of camera is it says.
A.as good as B.not as good as C.as well as D.not as well as
知识点4 形容词、副词比较级的用法
结构 | 例子 | 说明 |
A+比较级+ than + B | I am older than my little sister. | 表示“比……更……” |
比较级+ and+比较级 | The days are getting longer and longer. | 表示“越来越……” |
the+比较级,the+比较级 | The more you practice,the better you'll be. | 表示“越……,越……” |
Which/Who is+比较级,A or B? | Which is bigger,the sun or the earth? | 表示 “哪个/谁更……” |
比较级+ than any other+名词单数 比较级+ than the other+名词复数 | She is taller than any other girl in her class. She runs faster than the other girls in her class. | 比较级表达最高级意义 |
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