内容正文:
2023高考二轮复习
名词
名词性从句
(名词性从句的类型和结构)
考点一
名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。包括:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1.主语从句
结构:(1)(连接词+主语+谓语+其他)+主句谓语+其他。
(2)It(形式主语)+主句谓语+其他+(连接词+主语+谓语+其他)。
位置:谓语动词之前
①That you are coming to Shanghai is the best news I have heard this long time.
这么长时间以来我听到的最好的消息就是你要来上海。
2.宾语从句
结构:(1)及物动词(短语)/介词+连接词+从句主语+从句谓语+其他。
(2)及物动词+it+宾补+连接词+从句主语+从句谓语+其他。
①We must find out who did all this.
我们必须查明谁做了这个。
②Tom is a nice boy except that he is sometimes late for school.
汤姆除了有时候上学迟到外,是个很不错的男孩。
③I find it necessary that we should spend more time practising spoken English.
我发现花更多时间练习英语口语是必要的。
④Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
3.表语从句
结构:系动词+连接词+从句主语+从句谓语+其他。
位置:系动词之后
①The reason is that he missed the early bus.
原因是他错过了早班车。
②That is where the problem lies.
那就是问题所在。
③As is known to us, China is no longer what she used to be.
众所周知,中国再也不是从前的样子了。
④One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have easy access to places like stores and restaurants.
她偏爱城市生活的一个原因是她可以很方便地进入像商店和饭店这样的地方。
4.同位语从句
结构:,名词+连接词+从句主语+从句谓语+其他。
位置:常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, doubt等之后。
①They made an official request that the meeting be postphoned.
他们已经正式请求将会议推迟。
②The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.
我们是否应该继续做实验的问题已经解决了。
③Where did you get the idea that I couldn't come.
你在哪儿听说我不能来?
(名词性从句的连接词)
考点二
名词性从句的常见连接词有:
that, whether, what, which, who, whom, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever, when, where, why, how, how many, how much等,根据其在从句中的功能可分为三类:
1.从句中缺少主语或宾语时,选择以下连接词:what(ever), which(ever), who(ever), whom(ever)。通常情况下,which是在语境中有选择范围才会使用,否则,指事物时使用what(ever)。
①What was most important to her, she told me, was her family.(主语从句,what在从句中作主语)
她告诉我,对她来说最重要的是她的家人。
②I will give the book to whoever needs it.(宾语从句,whoever在从句中作主语)
我要把这本书给真正需要的人。
2.从句中不缺少主语或宾语,而是缺少状语成分,此时则用when, where, why, how, how many/much等带有语义的连接词。
①Some students even have no idea why they are studying, so they waste muc