Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Using language—Grammar（Word教参）-【优化指导】2022-2023学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using language—Grammar 主谓一致(1) [对应学生用书P61] [观察] 1．Your enemy is well trained，well equipped and battle­hardened ... 2．The enemy were hiding，ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before the reached land. 3．My family is a happy one. 4．It's my favourite film and my family love watching it，too. 5．Seventy years later, men who had fought on D­Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel, where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies. 6．Politics is the study of the ways in which countries are governed. 7．Listening to loud music at rock concerts has caused hearing loss in some teenagers. 8．To be strict with oneself is a good quality of a person. [归纳] 1．上述句1、2、3、4中，enemy，family等集体名词表示整体时，谓语动词用单数；表示组成集体的成员时，谓语动词用复数。 2．上述句5中，people意为“人们”时，是复数含义，谓语动词必定用复数。 3．上述句6中，学科名词politics(政治)等常看作单数概念，谓语动词用单数。 4．上述句7、8中，动名词或不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 [对应学生用书P61] 主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与其主语在“人称”和“数”上保持一致。 1．集体名词作主语，如果表示一个整体概念时，谓语动词就用单数形式；如果强调组成集体的个体成员时，谓语动词就用复数形式。常见的这类名词有：family，class，team，group，enemy，army，audience，band，club，crowd，staff，committee，company，crew，government，public等。 The family has settled in Canada. 这家人已经定居在加拿大了。 My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 The committee consists of 10 members. 委员会由十个成员组成。 The committee haven't reached any agreement. 委员们没有达成任何一致的意见。 2．个别集体名词，如people，police，cattle等作主语，谓语动词必须用复数形式。 The police are investigating the case. 警察们正在调查这个案件。 The cattle are grazing in the field. 牛群正在牧场吃草。 People love having cats as pets. 人们喜欢把猫当作宠物。 [即学即练]　单句填空 ①His family are(be) all important persons. ②People in this country are(be) really happy. ③The police were(be)searching for the criminals yesterday afternoon. ④The audience were(be) clapping for over ten minutes. 单复数同形的名词作主语，根据其意义是单数概念还是复数概念，来判断谓语用单数还是用复数。如：means方式，方法，sheep羊，deer鹿，works工厂等。 All possible means have been tried many times. 所有可能的方法都试过很多次了。 This works was built in 1982. 这座工厂是1982年建的。 By far，three steel works have been closed down in this city. 到目前为止，这个城市已经关闭了三座钢铁厂了。 三、单数概念的复数形式名词作主语时的主谓一致