Unit 3 & Unit 4 Grammar 主谓一致课件-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第三册

Subject-verb agreement 主谓一致 1 Grammar The Chinese Zodiac follows a twelve-year cycle, and the 2026 marks the arrival of the Year of the Horse. Throughout Chinese history, people’s love for horses is longstanding because they are fast, energetic and powerful. For example, Night-Shinning White, a masterpiece of Han Gan, was a significant painting and even loved by the emperor. What’s more, “Thousand-Mile Horses” is a term for those with remarkable abilities and enduring potential. Thus, people born in the Year of the Horse are said to be brave, confident and energetic. Moreover, we often wish people “Ma Dao Cheng Gong”, which means when the horse arrives, success comes right away. So in 2026, I hope you have a lot of energy, get good grades, and have fun. 主谓一致指的是句子的谓语动词和其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致，主要遵循以下三大原则： 意义一致原则 语法一致原则 就近原则 一、意义一致原则 谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的意义而不是形式所决定。 有些名词如people, cattle，police等没有单数形式，作主语时，谓语动词只能用复数。 Thus, people born in the Year of the Horse ______(be) said to be brave, confident and energetic. 2. 英语中一些单复数同形的名词作主语时，应根据其表达的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式，这类名词常见的有sheep，deer，fish，means， species，Chinese，Japanese，series等。 Every possible means _____ used to learn to draw the horse vividly by Han Gan. was are 1)The police _____ sent to the spot to keep order immediately. 2) Cattle _____ allowed to graze (放牧) in this area. (be) are are Usually, fish ________ (serve) at the New Year’s Eve reunion dinner. is served 3. 有些集合名词，如public，family, enemy, audience，government，group，committee，team，media，staff，crew等作主语时， 如果该名词表示一个整体，其谓语动词用单数形式；但如果这些集体名词表示集体中的若干个体时，谓语动词用复数形式。 My family ______ (be) a big family, and every year, the whole family _____ (be) fond of gathering together to watch the Spring Festival Gala. is are 4. “the + 形容词或过去分词” The young are supposed to visit the elder during the Spring Festival. The retired are more willing to stay in the countryside. 5. 表示国家,机构,事件,作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数。 The Chinese Zodiac follows a twelve-year cycle. For example, Night-Shinning White, a masterpiece of Han Gan, was a significant painting and even loved by the emperor. physics, mathematics, economics, politics等，以及用作书名、地名、国名、地区名的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式, 但如果是山脉、群岛、海峡、瀑布等的名称，谓语动词用复数形式 Politics ____ (be)a complicated subject. Along the northern border of Italy _____ (be)seen the Alps(阿尔卑斯山), mightily in their splendor. One Thousand And One Nights _______ (tell) people lots of mysterious bits of folklore (民间学问). is are tells 补充 6. 表示距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时，如作为一个整体来看待的话，谓语动词通常用单数。 A hundred miles___ not a quite long distance for an energetic horse. Fifteen days ____ a long break during the Spring Festival. is is 7. 分数/百分数+of+名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后面的名词保持一致。 Three fifths of the street ________ (cover) with people. 80% of the people on the street_____(be) those coming back for the big festival. is covered are 二、语法一致原则 There are many traditions in celebrating Chinese new year. Eating reunion dinner on New Year’s Eve ______(be) one of them. What follows next _____ (be) the children’s favorite part, letting off the fireworks. People in ancient Chinese believed that to let off fireworks _____ (be) to drive out the evil. 1. 不定式、 动名词或从句作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;what引导的主语从句，谓语动词根据主语从句表达的意思而定；定语从句中，关系词做主语时，谓语动词形式与先行词保持一致。 is is was What the parents want______ (be) health, happiness and company. We often wish people “Ma Dao Cheng Gong”, which _________(mean) when the horse arrives, success comes right away. are means 二、语法一致原则 “Spring” symbolizes the beginning of life as everything _________(revive) and ________ (burst) with vitality. On the very day of New Year, everyone______ (wear) new clothes and ______ (get) up early to worship the God for health, luck and wealth. Many a red envelop _________ (give) to children as a blessing. On this day, nobody ______ (sweep) the floor or _______ (take) out the garbage, as it is believed to retain the wealth and good fortune. 2. 不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a 等作主语或修饰主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数。 wears gets sweeps takes revives bursts is given 二、语法一致原则 At the end of the Spring Festival, a number of people _________ (leave) for their work, and the number of cars on the road _____________ (increase). 3. 当主语是a number of+复数名词时，谓语动词用复数；当主语是the number of+可数名词时，谓语动词用单数 a number of许多 the number of 什么的数量 is leaving is increasing 二、语法一致原则 Every parent, as well as their children, ______ (be) unwilling to part with each other. The feeling of reluctance, accompanied by care ______ (be) surrounding them. 4. 当主语由as well as等词修饰时的主谓一致 当句中的主语后接as well as, along with, together with, including, accompanied by等短语+名词（代词）时：A as well as B，谓动与A一致 is is 三、就近原则 In Chinese culture, not only the horse, but also all the Zodiac animals ________ (have) unique symbolic meanings and ________(love) by people. 由or, not only…but also…, whether ...or..., either…or…,neither…nor…连接；there be句型 两个并列主语时，谓语的数与最邻近的主语一致。 have are loved Practice makes perfect The number of teachers and students in our school _____(be) about 4000 and half of the students in my class _____(be) girls. All ______(be) going on well in my class and every boy and every girl ______(be) ready to help others. Li lin is the only one of my best friends who ______ (come) from Guangzhou, and the rest _______ (be) local people. Mathematics _______ (be) my favourite subject and listening to music _______ (be) what I often do in my spare time. Whether I can be admitted to university_______ (be) still unknown, but what I need to do now ______ (be) not wasting any time. is are is is comes are is is is is Conclude Subject-verb agreement 主谓一致 意义一致原则 语法一致原则 就近原则 Thank you $