Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Using language—Grammar（Word教参）-【优化指导】2022-2023学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using language—Grammar 表语从句 [对应学生用书P35] [观察] 1．My feeling is that they're going to be big one day. 2．The question is whether she will offer to help me. 3．China is no longer what it used to be. 4．This is what makes them so special. 5．A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages，eggs and coffee. 6．From space，the earth looks blue. This is because about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water. 7．It seemed as if/though the world were coming to an end! 8．The reason why I'm calling you is that I want to invite you to my birthday party. [归纳] 以上句子均为表语从句，具体分析如下： 1．由句1和句8可知，that引导表语从句， that在表语从句中不充当句子成分。 2．由句2可知，表示“是否”时，whether引导表语从句，此处不可用if引导。 3．由句3，句4和句5可知，连接代词和连接副词引导表语从句时，要在从句中充当句子成分，且各有各的词义。 4．由句6和句7可知，because和as if/though也可以引导表语从句。 5．由句8可知，主语为名词reason时，表语从句中的连接词要用that，而不用why。 [对应学生用书P36] 在主从复合句中充当表语的从句，叫作表语从句。它常位于系动词之后，用来说明主语是什么或怎么样。 1．that引导的表语从句 用法：无意义；不充当成分；不可省略。 The reason for his absence is that he hasn't been informed. 他缺席的原因是他没接到通知。 My suggestion is that we should tell him. 我的建议是我们应该告诉他。 2．whether引导的表语从句 The point is whether we should lend him the money. 关键在于我们是否应该借钱给他。 if不能引导表语从句。 3．连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句 连接代词who(ever)，whom(ever)，whose，what(ever)，which(ever)等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等；连接副词when，where，why，how等在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。 The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. 问题是谁才真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。 This is what I am interested in. 这就是我所感兴趣的。 That's where I first met her. 那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。 The last time we had great fun was when we were visiting the water park. 我们最后一次开心地游玩是我们参观那家水上公园的时候。 what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点： ①它在相应的名词性从句中有一定的意义，常表示“什么”“所……的”“……的样子”等。 ②它在相应的名词性从句中作句子成分，而且常作主语、宾语或表语。 This is what I want to tell you. 这就是我想告诉你的事。(what引导表语从句并在从句中作宾语) 4．because引导的表语从句 because说明主语所表示的事件发生的原因，意为“因为”。 He has heart disease. That is because he has been smoking too much. 他有心脏病。那是因为他抽烟太多。 5．as if/though引导的表语从句 as if/though从句既可以使用陈述语气，又可以使用虚拟语气。表示情况发生的可能性较小时常用虚拟语气。 “It looks as if it'll go under soon，” Jim said，after a couple of minutes. “看起来