高中英语语法专项讲义:反意疑问句

2023-01-16
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反意疑问句 一 陈述句的反意疑问句 1. 在陈述句的反意疑问句中,如果陈述部分用肯定形式,则反意疑问部分要用否定形式。 He has a sister,has not he? 2. 在陈述句的反意疑问句中,如果陈述部分用否定形式,则反意疑问部分要用肯定形式。 You do not like fish,do you? 在这种陈述部分用否定形式,反意疑问部分用肯定形式的句子中,注意其答句中英汉语表达的不一致性。 —You are not going to town today,are you?(你今天不进城,是吧?) —No,I am not.(是的,我今天不进城。) —Yes,I am.(不,我今天要进城。) 3. 在陈述句的反意疑问句中,如果陈述部分含有否定词never,no,hardly,scarcely,seldom,rarely,no one,nobody,nothing,则反意疑问部分应用肯定式。 You have never met each other before,have you? He has been given no alternative,has he? You were hardly twenty then,were you? He rarely used to oversleep,did he? No one was hurt,were they? There is nobody living in the house now,is there? Nothing happened to him,did it? 4. 当陈述句是主从复合句时,其反意疑问句应与主句的主谓语保持一致关系。 George said no one was qualified for the job,did not he? 5. 当陈述部分中的主句是“I(或we) suppose”时,反意疑问部分的主谓语应与suppose后的宾语从句中的主谓语保持一致。 I suppose you are not going today,are you? = I do not suppose you are going today,are you? 这种在形式上是否定主句的谓语而在意义上是否定宾语从句的现象,在语法上叫做“否定转移”。能这样用的动词还有believe,think,imagine,except。 I do not believe he has done it,has he? I do not think you are right,are you? 6. 在英语口语中,“I am”后面的反意疑问部分要用are not I,因为am I not带有文言气,在口语中不常用;amn’t虽然是am not的缩写式,但是只用于方言中;ain’t虽然也是am not的缩写式,但是比较粗俗,受过良好教育的人和在正式文体中是不用的。 I am the only person who is to blame,are not I? 7. 当陈述部分为“there be”句型时,反意疑问部分要用be there。 There is not anyone at home,is there? 8. 当陈述部分的谓语有“used to”时,反意疑问部分的谓语要用did not,虽然也有人用used not或use not,但不普遍,尤其在口语中更少用。 You used to go there,did not you? 9. 当陈述部分的主语为anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,nobody,no one时,反意疑问部分的主语在英国英语中用they,在美国英语中用he。 Anyone can answer that question,can not he? Anybody can answer that question,can not he? Someone borrowed my bike yesterday,did not he? Somebody borrowed my bike yesterday,did not he? Nobody is interested in that,is he? No one is interested in that,is he? 10. 当陈述部分的主语为everything,anything,something,nothing,this,that时,反意疑问部分的主语要用it。 Everything goes well,does not it? Nothing he did was right,was it? Th

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高中英语语法专项讲义:反意疑问句
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