Unit7 Grammar学案2022-2023学年牛津译林版 八年级英语下册

八年级下册Unit7 Grammar学案 预学热身 ◆通过预习,了解本课时的单词、短语和句型(英汉互译)。 1. leaflet n._ 2.hold vt._ 3. _ set vt.&vi. 4. including prep. 5. hand out_ 6.set up_ 7._两个月前 8. _有眼疾的病人 9._募集资金 10._基础教育 11. His eye problem was cured two months ago. _ 12. The lives of the patients with eye problems are improved. _ ◆自主探究,请带着下面这些问题阅读教材。 1.一般现在时的被动语态如何构成? 2.一般过去时的被动语态如何构成? 教材导读 1.The plane is used as a training centre.飞机被用作培训中心。 探究点:一般现在时的被动语态如何构成? [指点迷津] 主语(动作的承受者)+ is/am/are+动词的过去分词+(by+动作的执行者) Football is played in most countries in the world. 世界上大多数国家(的人)踢足球。 一般现在时被动语态的句型总结如下: (1)一般现在时被动语态的构成: ①肯定句:主语+ is/am/are+动词的过去分词+by短语(可省略) The boy is called Jack.这个男孩叫杰克。 ②否定句:主语+ is/am/are+not+动词的过去分词+by短语(可省略) The talk isn't given by the teacher.老师没有演讲。 ③一般疑问句:Is/Am/Are+主语+动词的过去分词+by短语(可省略) Is the cake made by your mother? 蛋糕是你母亲做的吗? ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ is/am/are+主语+动词的过去分词+by短语(可省略) Where is the photo taken? 这张照片在哪里拍的? (2)一般现在时被动语态的用法: ①表达“被……”、“受……”、“让……”、“遭……”之类的语义。 The children here are taken good care of.这儿的孩子们受到了很好的照顾。 ②强调动作的承受者。 He is known far and wide.他远近闻名。 ③不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者。 The room is cleaned every day.房间每天都有人打扫。 用所给动词的适当形式填空 ①Usually computers_ (use) to get information on the Internet. ②I _ (ask) to clean my bedroom every day by my mother. 2. His eye problem was cured two months ago. 他的眼疾两个月前被治愈了。 探究点:一般过去时的被动语态如何构成? [指点迷津] 主语(动作的承受者)+ was/were+动词的过去分词+(by+动作的执行者) The book was returned to him yesterday.书是昨天还给他的。 一般过去时被动语态的句型总结如下: (1) 一般过去时被动语态的构成: ①肯定句:主语+ was/were+动词的过去分词+by短语(可省略) The cup was washed yesterday.这只杯子昨天洗的。 ②否定句:主语+ was/were+not+动词的过去分词+by短语(可省略) The baby was not looked after by his father last night.昨天夜里,他的父亲没照顾这个 宝宝。 ③一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语十动词的过去分词+by短语(可省略) Was the book written by Han Han? 这本书是韩寒写的吗? ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ was/were+主语十动词的过去分词+by短语(可省略) What was this kind of sweater made of? 这种毛衣是由哪种材料做成的? (2)一般过去时被动语态的用法见一般现在时。 将下面的主动语态改为被动语态 ①He bought a book last week. A book_ _ _ _ last week. ②They told an interesting story. An interesting story_ _ by them. 3. With its help, millions of